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SECURITY OF QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION WITH STRONG PHASE-REFERENCE PULSE

Masato Koashi

Published Oct 1, 2005• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1142/9789812701633_0007

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In the BB84 protocol with a perfect single photon source, the key rate decreases linearly with the transmission η of the channel. If we simply replace this source with a weak coherent-state pulse, the key rate drops more rapidly (as O(η2)) since the presence of multiple photons favors the eavesdropper. Here we discuss the unconditional security of a quantum key distribution protocol in which bit values are encoded in the phase of a weak coherent-state pulse relative to a strong reference pulse, which is essentially the one proposed by Bennett in 1992 (the B92 scheme). We show that in the limit of high loss in the transmission channel, we can construct a secret key with a rate proportional to the transmission η of the channel.
Abstract — Most cryptographic mechanisms such as symmetric and asymmetric cryptography, often involve the use of cryptographic keys. However, all cryptographic techniques will be ineffective if the key distribution mechanism is weak. Quantum Key Distribution or Quantum Cryptography is attracting much attention as a solution of the problem of Key Distribution; QKD offers unconditionally secure communication based on quantum mechanics. This work presents quantum key distribution protocols (QKDP) to safeguard security in large networks, ushering in new directions in classical cryptography and quantum cryptography.