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Optics Letters

Transmission bistability in a double-coupler fiber ring resonator

Francisco Javier Fraile-Pelaez, J. Capmany, Miguel A. Muriel

Published Jun 15, 1991• 57 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The transmission bistability of a two-coupler nonlinear ring resonator is demonstrated and described by using a geometrical method that provides a qualitative understanding of the operation characteristics of the device. Results showing the influence of the coupling constants and the linear phase are presented.
DOI
10.1364/ol.16.000907

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We present a method for calculating the dynamic input–output characteristics of a nonlinear fiber ring resonator caused by a change in input intensity. It is based on an original method developed by Bischofberger and Shen [Phys. Rev. A 19, 1169 (1979)] to study a transient nonlinear Fabry–Perot resonator. We treat a double-coupler fiber ring resonator, in which two types of optical bistability (transmission bistability and reflection bistability) are available and present the illustrative numerical results for a few cavity parameters. This analysis will be useful for a future experimental verification of optical bistability in fiber ring resonators and for the design of fiber bistable devices.
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A special property of a type 3 optical fiber ring resonator with a 3 × 3 planar coupler in which the circulating intensity is independent of the phase change of the ring resonator can be used to eliminate unwanted Kerr bistability. At the same time the device can be used as a two-channel frequency division multiplexer or demultiplexer or a switch. Another method for the elimination of Kerr bistability is the use of two fibers whose nonlinear refractive-index coefficients have opposite signs to build the ring resonator.