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Optics Letters

Observation of atomic-pair absorption with an incoherent source

J. C. Whit, G. Zdasiuk, J. F. Young, Stephen E. Harris

Published May 1, 1979• 37 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the observation of atomic-pair absorption in barium and in barium-thallium vapors using a white-light source. At atomic densities on the order of 10(17) atoms/cm(3) we measure absorptions of 2.9% cm(-1) for Ba-Ba and 2.3% cm(-1) for Ba-TI. In both cases, the absorption maxima occur at the predicted (R = infinity) wavelength and have a full width at half maximum of approximately 15 cm(-1).

DOI
10.1364/ol.4.000137

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We report the observation of atomic-pair absorption in barium and in barium-thallium vapors using a white-light source. At atomic densities on the order of 10(17) atoms/cm(3) we measure absorptions of 2.9% cm(-1) for Ba-Ba and 2.3% cm(-1) for Ba-TI. In both cases, the absorption maxima occur at the predicted (R = infinity) wavelength and have a full width at half maximum of approximately 15 cm(-1).
This is the first reported demonstration of the use of pair-absorption transitions for optically pumping lasers. In a mixture of barium and thallium metal vapors, single-photon absorption of 3867-A laser light caused simultaneous excitation of colliding ground-state atoms to the Ba(6s6p 1P1(o)) and Tl(6p 2P(3/2)(o)) excited states. Excited-state densities of about 10(14) cm(-3) were created, and subsequent laser emission on the Ba(6s6p 1PI(o)) - Ba(6s5d 1D2) atomic transition at 1.5 microm was observed.
An observation of light-induced drift (LID) of atoms with an intermediate metastable level between the ground and excited resonance levels is reported. The drift of atoms of barium was investigated. Molecular nitrogen was used as a buffer gas. The 5d 1^{1}1D metastable state of Ba atoms was quenched in collisions with N2{\mathrm{N}}_{2}N2​ molecules. It has been deduced from the experimental results that the collision cross section of Ba atoms with N2{\mathrm{N}}_{2}N2​ molecules is larger for Ba atoms in the ground state than in the 6p 1^{1}1P excited state. The maximal LID velocity was about 250 cm/s.
We present an exhaustive overview of optical absorption and laser-induced fluorescence lines of Ba atoms in liquid and solid helium matrices in visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. Due to the increased density of isolated atoms, we have found a large number of spectral lines that were not observed in condensed helium matrices before. We have also measured the lifetimes of metastable states. The lowest 3D1{}^{3}{D}_{1}3D1​ metastable state has lifetime of 2.6 s and can be used as an intermediate state in two-step excitations of high-lying states. Various matrix-induced radiationless population transfer channels have been identified.
Multiphoton ionization (MPI) of barium atom using an excimer-pumped pulsed dye laser has been studied in the wavelength range 570-608 nm at a laser intensity approximately 10.0 GW cm -2 . Resonances in MPI were recorded by monitoring either the ions produced in the multiphoton process using a thermionic detector or fluorescence from the ions formed in their various excited states of Ba + . The observation of photoion and fluorescence spectra were made on Ba vapour in the heat-pipe oven in the moderate-density regime ( approximately 10 13 atoms/cm 3 ) so that the collisional effects are negligible. Fine-structure resolution of the final ionic state (6p 2 P 1/2,3/2 ), produced after four-photon autoionizing decay was obtained. The decay of the Ba atom after four-photon absorption preferentially populates the 6p 2 P 3/2 state relative to the 6p 2 P 1/2 state.