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Physical Review A

Normal modes and propagation dynamics in a strongly driven Raman medium

Fam Le Kien, K. Hakuta

Published Jan 11, 2001• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the collinear propagation of two weak sideband fields in a far-off-resonance Raman medium driven by a strong field. We show the existence of two sideband-field superpositions called normal modes that propagate independently at different group velocities, one at the vacuum speed of light and one at a reduced velocity and with an induced relative phase shift. We find that the effect of slow group velocity on nonlinear conversion occurs via the relative group delay as well as the relative phase shift.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.63.023807

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We study the collinear propagation of two weak sideband fields in a far-off-resonance Raman medium driven by a strong field. We show the existence of two sideband-field superpositions called normal modes that propagate independently at different group velocities, one at the vacuum speed of light and one at a reduced velocity and with an induced relative phase shift. We find that the effect of slow group velocity on nonlinear conversion occurs via the relative group delay as well as the relative phase shift.
The authors survey the theoretical and experimental aspects of generation of slow light in a far-off-resonance Raman medium driven by a strong coupling field. When material dispersion is negligible, the propagation of two coupled sidebands can be described in terms of two normal modes that propagate independently at different group velocities, one at the vacuum speed of light and one at a reduced velocity. They use solid hydrogen as a Raman medium to demonstrate the generation of slow light. The numerical calculations and experimental observations show that, due to high density, narrow Raman width, and small two-photon detuning, far-off-resonance Raman scattering in solid hydrogen can slow down the pulse-peak velocity of the Stokes and anti-Stokes fields to the order of c/10000. This velocity reduction affects the amplitudes of the Stokes and anti-Stokes fields via the beating between the normal modes. The double-peak structure observed in the intensity temporal profiles of the sideband fields is a signature of the splitting of the copropagating normal modes.
We study the propagation dynamics of weak Raman sideband fields in a far-off-resonance Raman medium driven by a strong coupling field. We show that the interaction of the system with the strong field, under the conditions of high density, narrow Raman-transition width, and small two-photon detuning, results ina slow group velocity and a substantial enhancement of the injected anti-Stokes sideband field as well as an efficient generation of a Stokes sideband field. We find that the effective group velocity is the same for the two weak fields and is proportional to the field frequency difference instead of the frequency of the corresponding field. We also discuss the condition for exponential growth of the two sideband fields in the medium. We perform numerical calculations for solid hydrogen, a realistic system where the requirements for high density and small Raman width can be met. We demonstrate that the group velocity can be slowed down by several orders, and that the slow light plays a key role for the stimulated Raman scattering process in solid hydrogen.PACS Nos.: 42.50Gy, 42.50Hz, 42.65Ky, 42.79Nv
Slow and fast light (SFL) in nonlinear media has attracted considerable interest for several years and has been observed in plenty of configurations. It generally requires a sharp spectral resonance which in turn results in a strong change of the group velocity at the resonance, thus leading to optical delaying or advancement. SFL has also been observed in optical fibres by taking advantage of the parametric gain, stimulated Brillouin or Raman scattering, leading to the development of all-optical tunable fiber-based delay lines at telecommunication wavelengths. But the implications of SFL go well beyond pulse delaying or advancement. As the group and phase velocities have to be distinguished one from another in a slow-light medium, this can have other important implications, in particular on the pulse walk-off or on the frequency chirp. We recently demonstrated in a Raman medium with normal dispersion that pulse walk-off between the pump and the signal can be cancelled out despite the large frequency detuning, leading to an increasing interaction length and enhancement Raman conversion efficiency.
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We demonstrate experimentally that far-off-resonance stimulated Raman scattering in solid hydrogen driven by a strong-coupling field allows us to slow down the pulse-peak velocity of the Stokes and anti-Stokes fields to the order of c/10000.c/10000.c/10000. We observe the splitting of the temporal profile of the sideband-field pulses into a two-peak structure that is a signature of the separation between the copropagating normal modes.