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Optics Express

Light propagation in a resonantly absorbing waveguide array

Mingneng Feng, Yikun Liu, Yongyao Li, Xiangsheng Xie, Jianying Zhou

Published Mar 31, 2011• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Light propagation behavior in a resonantly absorbing waveguide array is analyzed. Both a Lorentzian line shape and an inhomogeneous broadened absorbing line shape are considered, with their imaginary and real part of the refractive index determined by a Kramers-Kronig relationship. The diffracted wave is shown to have the frequency spectra determined by the material absorption, dispersion as well as the waveguide structure. An interesting phenomenon is that a spectral hole is produced and becomes deeper in the diffraction spectrum as the thickness of the resonantly absorbing waveguide array increases. The experimental measurements conducted in a waveguide array are found to be in good agreement with the numerical results.

DOI
10.1364/oe.19.007222

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Light propagation behavior in a resonantly absorbing waveguide array is analyzed. Both a Lorentzian line shape and an inhomogeneous broadened absorbing line shape are considered, with their imaginary and real part of the refractive index determined by a Kramers-Kronig relationship. The diffracted wave is shown to have the frequency spectra determined by the material absorption, dispersion as well as the waveguide structure. An interesting phenomenon is that a spectral hole is produced and becomes deeper in the diffraction spectrum as the thickness of the resonantly absorbing waveguide array increases. The experimental measurements conducted in a waveguide array are found to be in good agreement with the numerical results.
. Besides the extinction coe_cient, the refractive index of a dielectricmedium is modi_ed by the presence of resonant absorbing centres, too. Fully an-alytical expressions of the complex refractive index dispersions are derived for thecases of homogeneous and inhomogeneous absorption-line broadening. In both cases,we demonstrate that the modi_cation is such that the refractive index results asincreased at photon energies lower than the resonance absorption energy. If theabsorbing centres also emit Stokes-shifted radiation, the increase of refractive indexcan be exploited for passive and active waveguiding applications. An example isreported regarding active waveguides based on colour centres in a lithium uoridecrystal.Keywords: Absorbing centres, active waveguiding, colour centres, Gaussian line-shape, inhomogeneous line broadening, refractive index.
A study was made of the modulation of the coherent emission spectrum by spatial gratings of the refractive index, produced by the dye laser field in an absorbing medium inside the resonator. It was found that the frequencies of the reflection maxima of a nonlinear mirror resulting from the inhomogeneity of the refractive index along the direction of propagation of the light wave were in agreement with the frequencies satisfying the conditions for the maxima of interference reflection in the presence of an additional plane in the resonator.
Propagation of a short quasi-monochromatic electromagnetic (light or radio) signal (wave packet) is considered. The carrier frequency of the signal is close to the frequency of the absorption spectral line (or group of lines) of a medium, and the spectrum width is large relative to the width of this spectral line (or group of lines). Analytic formulas for the temporal dependence of the signal are derived and numerically confirmed for paths of various lengths. It is shown that the signal is substantially distorted long before it noticeably decays owing to absorption. The signal’s temporal dependence turns out to be rather universal with respect to the form factor of the spectral line, the optical thickness of the substance layer, and the initial temporal dependence of the signal.