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Low Temperature Physics

On transfer of motion in a system of two-dimensional superfluid Bose-gases separated by a thin layer

S. V. Terent’ev, S. I. Shevchenko

Published Jul 1, 1999• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The effect of transfer of motion between superfluid 2D Bose gases separated by a thin layer is predicted on the basis of microscopic calculations. It is shown that the effect exists at nonzero temperatures as well as at T=0 only for a closed secondary circuits. The dependence of the drag current on temperature and thickness of the layer is determined for charged Bose gases. An experiment is proposed for measuring the predicted effect.

DOI
10.1063/1.593773

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The effect of transfer of motion between superfluid 2D Bose gases separated by a thin layer is predicted on the basis of microscopic calculations. It is shown that the effect exists at nonzero temperatures as well as at T=0 only for a closed secondary circuits. The dependence of the drag current on temperature and thickness of the layer is determined for charged Bose gases. An experiment is proposed for measuring the predicted effect.
An effect of nondissipative drag of a superfluid flow in a system of two Bose gases confined in two parallel quasi-two-dimensional traps is studied. Using an approach based on the introduction of density and phase operators, we compute the drag current at zero and finite temperatures for arbitrary ratio of particle densities in the adjacent layers. We demonstrate that in a system of two ring-shaped traps the “drag force” influences the drag trap in the same way as an external magnetic flux influences a superconducting ring. This allows one to use the drag effect to control persistent current states in superfluids and opens up the possibility of implementing a Bose analog of the superconducting Josephson flux qubit.
A microscopic theory of a nondissipative drag in a two-component superfluid Bose gas is developed. The expression for the drag current in the system with the components of different atomic masses, densities, and scattering lengths is derived. It is shown that the drag current is proportional to the square root of the gas parameter. The temperature dependence of the drag current is studied and it is shown that at temperature of order or smaller than the interaction energy the temperature reduction of the drag current is rather small. A possible way of measuring the drag factor is proposed. A toroidal system with the drag component confined in two half-ring wells separated by two Josephson barriers is considered. Under certain condition such a system can be treated as a Bose-Einstein counterpart of the Josephson charge qubit in an external magnetic field. It is shown that the measurement of the difference of number of atoms in two wells under a controlled evolution of the state of the qubit allows one to determine the drag factor.
We consider two parallel layers of two-dimensional spin-polarized dipolar Fermi gas without any tunneling between the layers. The effective interactions describing screening and correlation effects between the dipoles in a single layer (intra-layer) and across the layers (interlayer) are modeled within the Hubbard approximation. We calculate the rate of momentum transfer between the layers when the gas in one layer has a steady flow. The momentum transfer induces a steady flow in the second layer which is assumed initially at rest. This is the drag effect familiar from double-layer semiconductor and graphene structures. Our calculations show that the momentum relaxation time has temperature dependence similar to that in layers with charged particles which we think is related to the contributions from the collective modes of the system.
The Coulomb-drag effect, which has previously been considered theoretically and experimentally for a system of two electron gas layers, is studied for a system of two charged-Bose-gas (CBG) layers within an analytically solvable model. We consider a bilayer CBG in the presence of counterflow which, in superfluid mixtures and in spatially separated superconductors, leads to a drag effect. We investigate the effects of counterflow on the collective excitations, interaction energy, screened interactions, induced charge densities, and plasmon density of states in the bilayer CBG. These quantities, many of which have not been considered in connection with Coulomb drag in a bilayer electron gas, show how the many-body properties are affected, and thus provide additional insights into the drag effect. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
We consider two-dimensional spin-polarized dipolar Fermi gases confined in a double-layer system and calculate the momentum transfer between the layers as a function of temperature to investigate the transport properties of the system. We use the Hubbard approximation to describe the correlation effects and the screening between the dipoles within a single layer. The effective interlayer interaction between the dipoles across the layers is obtained by the random-phase approximation. We calculate the interaction strength and the layer separation distance dependence of the drag rate, and we show that there is a critical distance below which the system is unstable. In addition, we calculate the typical behavior of the collective modes related to the density fluctuations.