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Physical Review A

Squeezed Raman micromaser model

Ravinder Rupchand Puri, C. K. Law, Joseph H. Eberly

Published Nov 1, 1994• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A classically pumped, two-quantized-mode micromaser model operating in a two-channel Raman configuration is proposed. In this model, three-level (\ensuremath{\Lambda}-type) atoms are injected through the cavity. The field-atom interaction is governed by Raman transitions in which both the pump-Stokes channel and the pump-anti-Stokes channel are involved. Under the trapping state conditions, we find that the Stokes and the anti-Stokes fields are strongly correlated and squeezed.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.50.4212

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A classically pumped, two-quantized-mode micromaser model operating in a two-channel Raman configuration is proposed. In this model, three-level (\ensuremath{\Lambda}-type) atoms are injected through the cavity. The field-atom interaction is governed by Raman transitions in which both the pump-Stokes channel and the pump-anti-Stokes channel are involved. Under the trapping state conditions, we find that the Stokes and the anti-Stokes fields are strongly correlated and squeezed.
We consider a \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type three-level atom interacting simultaneously with two quantized cavity fields and a classical field, all of different frequencies. The classical field is of constant amplitude and the quantized cavity fields are dynamical variables. The effective interactions are Raman type with the two cavity fields regarded as Stokes and anti-Stokes modes. The classical field acts as the pump-mode, so that both the pump--Stokes and the pump--anti-Stokes transitions are included. We present analytic expressions for the dressed states of the system in a general situation where the two channels have different coupling strengths. The dressed states are closely related to the two-mode squeezed number states. We find that two-mode squeezing and nontrivial phase correlation occur in the model. The effects of weak cavity damping are also discussed.
We consider a two-channel \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type three-level atom interacting simultaneously with two quantized cavity fields and a classically described cw laser field, all of different frequencies. The effective interactions are of the Raman type, in which the two cavity fields are regarded as Stokes and anti-Stokes modes, and the classical field acts as the pump mode, so that both the pump-Stokes and the pump--anti-Stokes transitions are included. We present the analytic solution of the system evolution operator. We also study the time dependence of the atomic inversion and the statistical properties of the cavity fields. We show that strongly correlated photons can be generated in our model.
We present an alternative cavity QED model with three nondegenerate quantized field modes. The atom-field interaction is a cavity analog of Raman scattering, and the three field modes can be associated with pump, Stokes, and anti-Stokes frequencies. Unlike systems based on the Jaynes-Cummings model, this one has two independent channels connecting the two active atomic levels, leading to the possibility of quantum interferences. Despite its complexity, the model has eigenstates and eigenvalues that can be found exactly and fully analytically in finite terms. The most interesting eigenstates have a ``chain'' character unknown in previous cavity QED models. Both Fock-state and coherent-state solutions are presented for a number of quantities, including complex three-mode variables. Heisenberg operator solutions are demonstrated in a few cases, and an example of fourth-order quantum interferences due to the coupled channels is worked out in full.
We investigate the population trapping in a Raman-coupled three-level system interacting with a pump mode and a Stokes mode in a quantized cavity. We show that with an initial atom-field decoupled state and the atomic state prepared in a coherent superposition of two nondegenerate ground states, population trapping occurs when the phase of the atomic dipole is equal to the phase difference of the two modes and the two-mode field state satisfies a specific photon distribution. In the limit of large total photon number, under some specific conditions, the corresponding two-mode trapping state can be identified as a phase difference state. We have studied the variance of superposition mode quadrature and its evolution, statistical properties, and the phase-space properties of the two-mode trapping field state. It has been observed that although under different conditions the two-mode field exhibits both sub- and super-Poissonian statistics, no squeezing is observed in any case.
I study the coherent interaction of a three-level atom in the lambda configuration with pump, Stoke, and anti-Stokes laser fields. The pump laser field drives transitions from the two non-degenerate lower levels to the excited state which is highly detuned for either transition. This excited state is also coupled to each of the lower states by Stokes or anti-Stokes transitions so that this system may represent a model of four-wave mixing. Assuming large detunings, the excited state is adiabatically eliminated from obtaining an effective two-level system with Raman coupling between the levels. Optical Bloch equations are obtained for this effective two-level system, and phenomenological damping terms are added for collisional dephasing of the Raman transitions. The equations are solved for the steady-state as well as by the method of adiabatic following. From these solutions we obtain the polarization.
We investigate the dynamics of a two-mode stimulated Raman scattering model including propagation and the quantum correlations that develop between the Stokes and anti-Stokes fields. For example, under certain conditions two-mode squeezed states can result. We report results for quadrature squeezing and sum squeezing. Quadrature squeezing only occurs when the anti-Stokes coupling constant is larger than the Stokes coupling constant. The amount of squeezing increases as the damping of the material polarization is increased. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.