Control of collisionless and collisional processes by nonresonant laser fields

Abstract

The presence of coherent radiation fields can modify various atomic, ionic, and molecular processes. We examine cases where the changes can be effected without actual absorption or emission of photons. The radiation fields cause optical Stark shifts of the energies and dress the nonadiabatic couplings between states. Rates of processes such as dissociation, predissociation, atomic and molecular collisions can be radiatively controlled. Formation of new avoided crossings due to radiative interaction gives rise to new phenomena. We give both exact numerical results from which the influences of the radiation field on arbitrary configurations can be calculated, and simple but accurate analytic results, from which these effects can be conveniently assessed. It is shown that the inelastic transition probability is decreased at a true crossing and is increased at an avoided crossing as a result of the presence of the nonresonant radiation field. Furthermore, for two parallel levels with constant nonadiabatic coupling, it is shown that the amplitudes of the nonadiabatic transition are invariant, but its flopping frequency is reduced by the field. Depending on final measurements with the field on or off, general behaviors of the inelastic transition probability as a function of the field parameters and the charge-system parameters are predicted and the possibility of inversion (from a field-free value of less than \textonehalf{} to a value greater than \textonehalf{}) is demonstrated. Experimental investigation with iodine molecules is suggested. Comparison of our nonperturbative results with those of stationary perturbation theory shows that the latter is inadequate in an important parameter region where the field modification of processes is greater than 1%.