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Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics

Non-linear squeezing of the vacuum and the one-photon states as realizations of theSU(1,1) group

A.‐S. F. Obada, Mahmoud Darwish

Published Jan 7, 2005• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We introduce a class of non-linear squeezed vacuum and one-photon states. Under conditions on the non-linearity function, these states are realizations of the SU (1,1) group. However, when a condition is removed, these states are defined as eigenstates of certain operators. Some of the properties of these states are investigated for the case of trapped ions. In particular, the Mandel q number, the photon number distribution, the phase properties, the Husimi–Kano Q -function and the Wigner–Moyal W -function of the non-linear squeezed one-photon states are discussed.

DOI
10.1088/1464-4266/7/2/005

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We introduce a class of non-linear squeezed vacuum and one-photon states. Under conditions on the non-linearity function, these states are realizations of the SU (1,1) group. However, when a condition is removed, these states are defined as eigenstates of certain operators. Some of the properties of these states are investigated for the case of trapped ions. In particular, the Mandel q number, the photon number distribution, the phase properties, the Husimi–Kano Q -function and the Wigner–Moyal W -function of the non-linear squeezed one-photon states are discussed.
Some of the properties of nonlinear squeezed vacuum states associated with trapped ions are considered, especially the photon number distribution, the phase properties, the Husimi–Kano Q function and the Wigner–Moyal W function of these nonlinear squeezed vacuum states. The structure of these functions is shown to depend on the nonlinearity parameter, its functional dependence and the squeezing parameter. It is shown that increasing the nonlinearity parameter results in the photon number distribution being squeezed independent.
The properties of correlated two-mode SU(1, 1) coherent states are studied. These states are a generalization of the two-mode squeezed vacuum states and are generated by applying the two-mode squeeze operator to a state in which there are initially q photons in one mode, |q, 0〉, the squeezed vacuum (q = 0) obviously being a special case. For these states the photon-number distribution and the nonclassical properties of photon antibunching, enhanced phase fluctuations, violations of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality, two-mode squeezing, and sum squeezing are studied. A Q-function quasi-probability distribution for these states is also presented.
Two-mode entangled-state wavefunctions and with complex variables z and y are introduced and investigated. They are direct analogues of the wavefunctions and in the single-mode case or are linearly related to each other by two-dimensional Fourier transformation. The states and are eigenstates of two pairs of commuting operators ( Z , Z † ) (or ( Q + , P − )) and ( Y , Y † ) (or ( P + , Q − )) to eigenvalues ( z , z * ) and ( y , y * ), respectively, and are normalized by means of the two-dimensional delta function. The entangled states and are represented as two limiting cases of two-mode squeezed coherent states. Different representations of these states, in particular, the analogue of the Agarwal–Simon representation of squeezed vacuum states, are derived and the properties of these states are discussed. The transition from the single-mode to the two-mode case is made using the common property of the squeezing operators to belong to different realizations of the abstract SU (1,1) group. The Wigner quasiprobability in representation of the states and is discussed and is explicitly calculated for two-mode squeezed vacuum (and squeezed coherent) states.
Nonlinear extensions of the single-mode squeezed vacuum and squeezed coherent states are constructed. Nonlinear squeezed coherent states (NLSCSs) are defined and special cases of these states are discussed. Two cases of the definition are considered for the unitary and non-unitary deformation operator functions. Some nonclassical properties of these states are discussed. The Glauber second-order coherence function is calculated. Analytical and numerical results for the quadrature component distributions for the NLSCSs are presented. The s -parameterized quasi-probability function, especially the Wigner function, is discussed.