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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Quantum dots in photonic crystals: from single photon sources to single photon nonlinear optics

Arka Majumdar, Andrei Faraon, Dirk Englund, Ilya Fushman, Jelena Vuckovic A

Published Feb 12, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A quantum dot strongly coupled to a photonic crystal resonator is used to investigate cavity quantum electro- dynamics phenomena in solid state physics. Nonlinear optical phenomena such as photon blockade and photon induced tunneling are observed in this system. The nonlinearity of this system is sensitive to intra-cavity photon numbers close to unity, and it has been used to demonstrate conditional phase shifts of 28° at a single photon level and a second order auto-correlation of g2(0) = 0.9 in the photon blockade regime.

DOI
10.1117/12.816153

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We coherently probe a quantum dot that is strongly coupled to a photonic crystal nano-cavity by scattering of a resonant laser beam. The coupled system's response is highly nonlinear as the quantum dot saturates with nearly one photon per cavity lifetime. This system enables large amplitude and phase shifts of a signal beam via a control beam, both at single photon levels. We demonstrate photon-photon interactions with short pulses in a system that is promising for ultra-low power switches and two-qubit quantum gates.
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The on-chip generation of nonclassical states of light is a key requirement for future optical quantum hardware. In solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics, such nonclassical light can be generated from self-assembled quantum dots strongly coupled to photonic crystal cavities. Their anharmonic strong light-matter interaction results in large optical nonlinearities at the single photon level, where the admission of a single photon into the cavity may enhance (photon tunneling) or diminish (photon blockade) the probability for a second photon to enter the cavity. Here, we demonstrate that detuning the cavity and quantum-dot resonances enables the generation of high-purity nonclassical light from strongly coupled systems. For specific detunings we show that not only the purity but also the efficiency of single-photon generation increases significantly, making high-quality single-photon generation by photon blockade possible with current state-of-the-art samples.