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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Comparison of external and intracavity four-wave mixing of cw infrared radiation

В. В. Кононов, В. В. Сергеев, Victor I. Kuprenyuk

Published Jan 31, 1992• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A comparative study was made of external and intracavity four-wave mixing of cw infrared radiation in toluene. The intracavity mixing efficiency was found to be almost four times less than that of mixing outside the resonator cavity. The quality of the intracavity phase conjugation process deteriorated when the pump wave intensity exceeded 30 W/cm2 .

DOI
10.1070/qe1992v022n01abeh003340

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A comparative study was made of external and intracavity four-wave mixing of cw infrared radiation in toluene. The intracavity mixing efficiency was found to be almost four times less than that of mixing outside the resonator cavity. The quality of the intracavity phase conjugation process deteriorated when the pump wave intensity exceeded 30 W/cm2 .
Theoretical and experimental investigations were made of a four-wave interaction of middle-infrared radiation based on a thermal nonlinearity of absorbing liquids and gases. A study was made of the influence of parasitic effects associated with heating of a nonlinear medium (such as the thermal lens effect, frequency sweeping of interacting waves, thermal expansion of the medium, and convection) on the efficiency of the four-wave interaction and the quality of phase conjugation utilizing this interaction. The conditions under which this influence is minimal were identified. An experimental study was made of phase conjugation of CO 2 laser radiation by a four-wave interaction in CCl 4 with a high reflection coefficient (up to 20% in the cw regime). The attained phase conjugation was limited the thermal lens effect, but this could be compensated.
A general formalism is developed to study intracavity phase conjugation through resonant degenerate four-wave mixing. The effects of spatial hole burning, arising from interference of the counterpropagating pump waves, are fully incorporated. The analysis is applied to discuss intracavity phase conjugation in nonlinear media that can be modeled using either a two-level system or a Λ-type three-level system. In both cases, the phase-conjugate reflectivity exhibits bistability for an appropriate choice of the input parameters. For a two-level system, the tuning characteristics of the Fabry–Perot cavity significantly affect the phase-conjugate spectrum that displays hysteresis when the cavity is detuned from the applied laser frequency.
Continuous wave (cw) phase conjugation of a HF laser beam has been observed using resonant degenerate four-wave mixing in a HF gas absorption cell. A HF laser was operated in the P1(8) transition to provide total (forward plus backward) pump beam and probe beam intensities of about 400 and 30 W/cm2, respectively, in the cell. Conjugate reflectivities were measured as a function of HF pressure and frequency detuning from line center. Reflectivities of the order of 10−4 were measured at HF gas pressures of the order of 2 Torr when the laser frequency was tuned near line center.
As it is known, self-conjugation of the IR laser beam via Brillouin radiation stimulated scattering phenomenon is not realised because of some physical limits on radiation intensity which are the principal limitations, to the present time. That is why, one of the promising technique of phase conjugation of infrared radiation is a self-conjugation of a laser beam wavefront via four wave interaction in a nonlinear medium with feed-back loop (FWMF) [1]. Unlike conventional our wave mixing schemes, the FWMF self-conjugation is supposed to be realised without any additional beams pumping a phase conjugation mirror.