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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Double-pulse excitation scheme for laser cooling of solids in the superradiance regime

Guang-Zong Dong, Xinlu Zhang, Jinhui Cui

Published Jan 20, 2015• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We propose an alternative excitation scheme based on paired-π-pulse input for laser cooling of solids in the superradiance regime. The dynamics of the activated atoms being pumped is analyzed, and used to deduce the temperature-dependent cooling power. Compared with the continuous-wave plus pulse pumping scheme, our scheme works better for laser cooling of solids via superradiance, and can improve the cooling power by 4 and 50 times at room and cryogenic temperatures, respectively.

DOI
10.1364/josab.32.000324

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We propose an alternative excitation scheme based on paired-π-pulse input for laser cooling of solids in the superradiance regime. The dynamics of the activated atoms being pumped is analyzed, and used to deduce the temperature-dependent cooling power. Compared with the continuous-wave plus pulse pumping scheme, our scheme works better for laser cooling of solids via superradiance, and can improve the cooling power by 4 and 50 times at room and cryogenic temperatures, respectively.
We propose an alternative excitation scheme based on paired-π-pulses input for laser cooling of solids in superradiance regime. The dynamics of the activated atoms being pumped is analyzed, and used to deduce the temperature dependent cooling power. Compared with the continue-wave plus pulse pumping scheme, our scheme works better for laser cooling of solids via superradiance, and can improve the cooling power by 4 and 50 times at room and cryogenic temperatures, respectively. Moreover, the propagation effects of the input pulses are investigated to determine the proper length of the cooling sample.
We present a theoretical scheme for laser cooling of rare-earth-doped solids with optical superradiance (SR), which is the coherent, sharply directed spontaneous emission of photons by a system of laser-excited rare-earth ions in the solid-state host (glass or crystal). We consider an Yb+{}^{+}+-doped ZnF4{}_{4}4​-BaF2{}_{2}2​-LaF3{}_{3}3​-AlF3{}_{3}3​-NaF (ZBLAN) sample pumped at a wavelength 1015 nm, with a rectangular pulsed source with a power of \ensuremath{\sim}433 W and a duration of 10 ns. The intensity of the SR is proportional to the square of the number of excited ions. This unique feature of SR permits an increase in the rate of the cooling process in comparison with the traditional laser cooling of the rare-earth-doped solids with anti-Stokes spontaneous incoherent radiation (fluorescence). This scheme overcomes the limitation of using only low phonon energy glasses for laser cooling.
The method of elimination of boson operators is used to theoretically analyze the possibility and optimal conditions of superradiance regime of laser cooling of crystals and glasses doped with rare-earth ions. A set of kinetic equations governing the processes of laser cooling and optical superradiance in a multilevel system is derived for the pulsed regime. It is demonstrated that the efficiency of laser cooling in this regime is proportional to a factor N2(lambda) 2KnS, where N is the number of active impurity centers, (lambda) is the superradiance wavelength, K is the number of superradiance channels, and nS is the number of superradiance events per second.
A theoretical scheme for laser cooling thulium doped solids with optical superradiance is presented. The superradiance is coherent, sharply directed spontaneous emission of photons by an ensemble of excited ions in the solid-state host, the properties of which are much different from the conventional, incoherent anti-Stokes fluorescence radiating through all directions. In this paper, we consider a thulium doped ZBLAN sample pumped with continuous-wave laser at 1.9 μm and pulse laser at 1.8 μm. The induced anti-Stokes superrandiance at 1.8 μm removes the matrical phonons energy much effectively and quickly, because of the intensity of superradiance proportional to the square of the number of excited Tm ions. The numerical evaluations of the superradiance cooling performance, especially in the net cooling power and the cooling efficiency, is discussed.
Laser cooling of solids is also called anti-Stokes fluorescent cooling, it is a new optical cooling technology in recent years. We propose a two-level model to analyze the absorption and stimulated-emission processes between the Yb3+2F7/2 ground-state manifold and the 2F5/2 excited-state manifold, and discuss several parameters that influence the cooling power, and find some ways to improve the cooling power. The influences of the doped concentration, pumping power and the effective pump-spot area on cooling are particularly analyzed. At the same time, we make computer simulation about the cooling process and obtain the temperature as a function of the cooling time, which is similar to the experimental results. So this shows that our model is reasonable.