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Optics Letters

Continuous-wave operation of saturable-gain degenerate four-wave mixing in a Nd:YVO_4 amplifier

A. Brignon, Jean‐Pierre Huignard

Published Oct 15, 1995• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate for the first time to our knowledge continuous-wave operation of saturablegain degenerate four-wave mixing by using a Nd:YVO(4) amplifier pumped by a cw Ti:sapphire laser. Such an amplifier exhibits continuous-wave two-pass gains as high as 200, and four-wave mixing reflectivities as high as 30% are obtained. A theoretical analysis is developed in the steady-state regime to explain the experimental results.

DOI
10.1364/ol.20.002096

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Jun 25, 2003•0 citations
We experimentally demonstrate for the first time to our knowledge continuous-wave operation of saturablegain degenerate four-wave mixing by using a Nd:YVO(4) amplifier pumped by a cw Ti:sapphire laser. Such an amplifier exhibits continuous-wave two-pass gains as high as 200, and four-wave mixing reflectivities as high as 30% are obtained. A theoretical analysis is developed in the steady-state regime to explain the experimental results.
The process of saturable-gain degenerate four-wave mixing in a diode-pumped microchip Nd:YVO(4) amplifier is investigated. To enhance the efficiency of the interaction, multipass geometries are employed in which the weak signal beam and therefore the conjugate beam experience several passes in the gain medium. Degenerate fourwave mixing reflectivities as high as R = 10% and R = 170% have been obtained experimentally for 130-W diode pumping with two-pass and four-pass geometries, respectively. Finally, the imaging capabilities of the volume population hologram written in the Nd:YVO(4) amplifier are demonstrated.
The theory of phase conjugation in laser amplifiers by saturable-gain degenerate four-wave mixing with copolarized beams is developed for pulses of arbitrary temporal shape and duration in the limit of a weak signal beam. The influence of the input pulse’s characteristics (energy, temporal pulse shape, duration) on the phase-conjugate reflectivity and on the conjugate pulse shape is analyzed. A sharp instantaneous peak of phase-conjugate reflectivity is predicted at high intensities of the four-wave mixing beams. This effect is experimentally demonstrated at λ0 = 1064 nm in a Nd:YVO4 amplifier pumped by a cw Ti:sapphire laser. A transient peak reflectivity of R ∼ 50% is thus obtained, corresponding to an enhancement of 1.6× compared with the maximum steady-state reflectivity. The experimental results and the theoretical predictions are in good agreement.
The process of saturable-gain four-wave mixing (DFWM) in a diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 amplifier with interacting beams provided by a Nd:YAG oscillator is investigated. Multipass geometries are employed that arrange for the signal beam to experience an increased interaction length relative to that of the pump beams. DFWM reflectivities up to R = 170% and a diffraction efficiency η = 6% of the volume population hologram written in the Nd:YVO4 amplifier are obtained experimentally. A theoretical analysis of multipass DFWM is presented in the transient (pulsed) regime, including the laser amplification and the mutual interaction of all the interacting beams as well as the spectral mismatch between the beam frequency and the gain line-center frequency of the Nd:YVO4 amplifier. It is shown that because of the close spectral matchup of the Nd:YAG oscillator and the Nd:YVO4 amplifier, the amplitude (gain) grating contribution is predominant compared with that of the phase grating.