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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Interference of cooperative resonant fluorescence from two distant systems of atoms

Elena Galeamov, N. A. Enaki

Published Dec 18, 2008• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The possibility of realization of collective resonance fluorescence of extended systems of atoms in the strong travel and standing laser waves it is demonstrated. The influence of regular arrangement of the atoms in interaction with the laser pulls on the fluorescence intensity is analyzed. Taking in to account that such interference can be realize in two distant atomic ensembles we analyzed the collective interference phenomena between the fluorescent fields in the farther field detection region. These effects depend on the exchange integrals between systems of atoms through vacuum fluorescence field. The fluorescence spectrum of these atoms is found. About similar coherence interference experiment of spontaneous emission of light from two distant solid-state ensembles of atoms that are coherently excited by a short laser pulse it is reported in the papers [1,2]. For example, in paper [1] it is observed the entanglement between two distant atomic ensembles located in distinct apparatuses on different tables. Quantum interference in the detection of a photon emitted by one of the samples projects the otherwise independent ensembles into an entangled state with one joint excitation stored remotely in 105 atoms at each site. The experiment [2] relate about the ensembles of erbium ions doped into two LiNbO3 crystals with channel wave guides, which are placed in the two arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The light that is spontaneously emitted after the excitation pulse shows first-order interference. By a strong collective enhancement of the emission, the atoms behave as ideal two-level quantum systems and no which-path information is left in the atomic ensembles after emission of a photon. Influence of geometry of the sample on the coherent phenomena between two distant systems of atoms in this report is presented.

DOI
10.1117/12.823647

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The possibility of realization of collective resonance fluorescence of extended systems of atoms in the strong travel and standing laser waves it is demonstrated. The influence of regular arrangement of the atoms in interaction with the laser pulls on the fluorescence intensity is analyzed. Taking in to account that such interference can be realize in two distant atomic ensembles we analyzed the collective interference phenomena between the fluorescent fields in the farther field detection region. These effects depend on the exchange integrals between systems of atoms through vacuum fluorescence field. The fluorescence spectrum of these atoms is found. About similar coherence interference experiment of spontaneous emission of light from two distant solid-state ensembles of atoms that are coherently excited by a short laser pulse it is reported in the papers [1,2]. For example, in paper [1] it is observed the entanglement between two distant atomic ensembles located in distinct apparatuses on different tables. Quantum interference in the detection of a photon emitted by one of the samples projects the otherwise independent ensembles into an entangled state with one joint excitation stored remotely in 105 atoms at each site. The experiment [2] relate about the ensembles of erbium ions doped into two LiNbO3 crystals with channel wave guides, which are placed in the two arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The light that is spontaneously emitted after the excitation pulse shows first-order interference. By a strong collective enhancement of the emission, the atoms behave as ideal two-level quantum systems and no which-path information is left in the atomic ensembles after emission of a photon. Influence of geometry of the sample on the coherent phenomena between two distant systems of atoms in this report is presented.
We report an interference experiment of spontaneous emission of light from two distant solid-state ensembles of atoms that are coherently excited by a short laser pulse. The ensembles are erbium ions doped into two LiNbO 3 crystals with channel waveguides, which are placed in the two arms of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The light that is spontaneously emitted after the excitation pulse shows first-order interference. By a strong collective enhancement of the emission, the atoms behave as ideal two-level quantum systems and no which-path information is left in the atomic ensembles after emission of a photon. This results in a high fringe visibility of 95%, which implies that the observed spontaneous emission is highly coherent.
The influence of the standing wave amplitude on the resonance fluorescence of a three-level system of radiators is discussed. Great attention is devoted to the peculiarities of dressed states in the standing wave and the exchange integrals between two atoms situated in the anti-nodes or the nodes. The correlation functions of emitted photons at two dressed frequencies were obtained. It is shown that in the case when the distance between two atoms is smaller than the wavelength of the field, the emitted photons are strongly correlated. As was observed, for large values of laser field intensity, the control of spontaneous emission is possible at two frequencies as well as the atom–atom interaction process. The dependence of the fluorescent light spectrum as a function of the position of two atoms dressed in the standing wave is investigated.
Quantum interference and coherence effects in the interaction of atoms with the quantized electromagnetic field are investigated theoretically. A general master equation for the description of atom-field interactions is introduced. The interplay of the concepts of complementarity and interference in the time-energy domain are studied on the basis of the fluorescence light emitted by a single laser-driven atom, where the coherence of spontaneous processes gives rise to quantum interference in the spectrum of resonance fluorescence. The vacuum-induced dipole-dipole interaction in pairs of multi-level atoms is analyzed. It is shown that the interaction between orthogonal transition dipole moments of different atoms does not only influence the system dynamics crucially, but implies that the few-level approximation in general cannot be applied to near-degenerate Zeeman sublevels of the atomic level scheme. Potential applications of dipole-dipole interacting multi-level atoms for the implementation of decoherence-free subspaces and the generation of entanglement between atomic states are examined. The generation of an entangled state of the radiation field with a macroscopic number of photons is discussed on the basis of a single-atom laser.
We consider the possible physical processes that may arise in a three-level atom when only two of its levels interact with a strong electromagnetic field and when the atomic transition frequency is nearly equal to once and twice the frequency of the laser field, respectively. There have been found pronounced cooperative effects in the spectrum of the two-level system, which is in resonance with the laser field, arising from the presence of the third level. The excitation spectra describing the transitions from the first excited state into the second excited state and from that to the ground state consist, apart from the two central peaks, of two pairs of sidebands which are induced by the laser field of the neighbouring system. Detailed expressions of the spectral functions for the physical processes of one- and two-photon resonance fluorescence have been derived and discussed in the limit of high photon densities. The excitation spectrum of the low frequency modes has been considered and discussed in detail. It is found that quantum beats in spontaneous emission may appear in the spectra of the one- and two-photon resonance fluorescence arising from the interference between the two atomic transition frequencies and the frequency of the laser field. The importance of the low frequency modes that occur in the processes in question has been pointed out.