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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Solitons of dipolar spinor condensates in an optical lattice

G.-P. Zheng

Published Nov 13, 2007• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Solitons of dipolar spinor condensates confined in a one-dimensional optical lattice are studied in terms of the equation of motion of the spinor which is reduced to the sine-Gordon equation in the limit of strong dipole–dipole interaction and weak external magnetic field. It is shown that the solitons obtained analytically can be easily controlled by adjusting the light-induced dipolar interaction, which is realizable in the optical lattice created by red-detuned laser beams with modulating intensity. The possible creation and detection schemes are also proposed.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/40/23/009

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Solitons of dipolar spinor condensates confined in a one-dimensional optical lattice are studied in terms of the equation of motion of the spinor which is reduced to the sine-Gordon equation in the limit of strong dipole–dipole interaction and weak external magnetic field. It is shown that the solitons obtained analytically can be easily controlled by adjusting the light-induced dipolar interaction, which is realizable in the optical lattice created by red-detuned laser beams with modulating intensity. The possible creation and detection schemes are also proposed.
In this chapter, we discuss the magnetic solitons achieved in atomic spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) confined within optical lattice. Spinor BECs at each lattice site behave like spin magnets and can interact with each other through the static magnetic dipole-dipole interaction (MDDI), due to which the magnetic soliton may exist in blue-detuned optical lattice. By imposing an external laser field into the lattice or loading atoms in a red-detuned optical lattice, the light-induced dipole-dipole interaction (LDDI) can produce new magnetic solitons. The long-range couplings induced by the MDDI and ODDI play a dominant role in the spin dynamics in an optical lattice. Compared with spin chain in solid material, the nearest-neighbor approximation, next-nearest-neighbor approximation, and long-range case are discussed, respectively.
Magnetic solitons in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates confined in a one-dimensional optical lattice are studied by the Holstein-Primakoff transformation method. It is shown that due to the long-range light-induced and static magnetic dipole-dipole interactions, there exist different types of magnetic solitary excitations in different parameter regions. Compared to conventional solid-state materials, the parameters of this type of magnetic solitons in an optical lattice can be easily tuned by the above dipole-dipole interactions, which are highly controllable in experiments.
We study the magnetic soliton dynamics of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates in an optical lattice which results in an effective Hamiltonian of anisotropic pseudospin chain. A modified Landau-Lifshitz equation is derived and exact magnetic soliton solutions are obtained analytically. Our results show that the time oscillation of the soliton size can be controlled in practical experiment by adjusting of the light-induced dipole-dipole interaction. Moreover, the elastic collision of two solitons is investigated.
We study dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) solitons in a one-dimensional optical lattice with the combined effect of local and nonlocal nonlinearities. The local nonlinearity is imposed by a magnetic or optical field via the Feshbach (FB) resonance. In contrast, the nonlocal nonlinearity is created by the long-range dipole–dipole interaction among the condensates. The orientations of the dipoles are directed by a rotatable uniform external field, which gives rise to a controllable nonlocal nonlinearity resulting from the angle θ between the direction of the dipole and the elongation of the lattice. If the lattice is sufficiently deep, this model can be described by the Gross–Pitaevskii equation (GPE) with tunable local and nonlocal nonlinear strengths (ggg and θ respectively). The formation, motion, and collision of the solitons in this system are studied by numerical simulations. The combined effect of the local and nonlocal nonlinearities gives a controllable scheme for all these characteristics via the relation between ggg and θ.
We studied the static and dynamic domain-wall solutions of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates trapped in an optical lattice. The single and double domain-wall solutions are constructed analytically. Our results show that the magnetic field and light-induced dipolar interactions play important roles for both the formation of different domain walls and the adjusting of domain-wall width and velocity. Moreover, these interactions can drive the motion of the domain wall in Bose ferromagnet systems similar to the way the external magnetic field or the spin-polarized current drives it in fermion ferromagnets.
We study the stabilization properties of dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate in a deep one-dimensional optical lattice with an additional external parametrically modulated harmonic trap potential. Through both analytical and numerical methods, we solve a dimensionless nonlocal nonlinear discrete Gross–Pitaevskii equation with both the short-range contact interaction and the long-range dipole–dipole interaction. It is shown that, the stability of dipolar condensate in modulated deep optical lattice can be controled by coupled effects of the contact interaction, the dipolar interaction and the external modulation. The system can be stabilized when the dipolar interaction, the contact interaction, the average strength of potential and the ratio of amplitude to frequency of the modulation satisfy a critical condition. In addition, the breather state, the diffused state and the attractive-interaction-induced-trapped state are predicted. The dipolar interaction and the external modulation of the lattice play important roles in stabilizing the condensate.