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Physical Review A

Control of coherent population transfer via spontaneous decay-induced coherence

Xihua Yang, Shi-Yao Zhu

Published Jun 16, 2008• 30 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the effect of the spontaneous decay-induced coherence on the control of coherent population transfer in a closed double $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type four-level system with the energy separation of the excited doublet comparable to their decay rates by using the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage technique. It is shown that when the two pulse laser fields are tuned to the particular frequency where the condition for quantum interference is satisfied, remarkable enhancement or suppression of population transfer can be realized through the spontaneous emission constructive or destructive quantum interference even with a finite pulse area, which is very favorable to coherent population transfer in quantum systems with weak oscillator strengths.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.77.063822

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We investigate the effect of the spontaneous decay-induced coherence on the control of coherent population transfer in a closed double \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ-type four-level system with the energy separation of the excited doublet comparable to their decay rates by using the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage technique. It is shown that when the two pulse laser fields are tuned to the particular frequency where the condition for quantum interference is satisfied, remarkable enhancement or suppression of population transfer can be realized through the spontaneous emission constructive or destructive quantum interference even with a finite pulse area, which is very favorable to coherent population transfer in quantum systems with weak oscillator strengths.
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We propose a way to significantly enhance selectivity and efficiency of coherent population transfer in a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type four-level system with a closely spaced doublet in the final state by using a train of counterintuitively ordered pump-Stokes pulse pairs. Due to temporal constructive and destructive quantum interference between the sequential transitions and subsequent coherent accumulation and annihilation in the time domain, the spectral resolution of selective and perfect population transfer to either of the final states can be improved by more than one order of magnitude as compared to the conventionally widely used stimulated Raman adiabatic passage and chirped adiabatic passage techniques, which can also be well understood as a result of the formation of a comblike structure of the pulse train spectrum in the frequency domain. Moreover, an arbitrary coherent superposition between the closely separated doublet can be achieved by suitably tuning the repetition period and detuning of the laser fields. This method has potential applications in control of chemical reactions and quantum information processing.
The effect of the collisions on the control of coherent population transfer in a closed inverse YYY-type four-level system driven by three laser fields is investigated with the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage technique. An arbitrary coherent superposition between the initial state and target state can be created either by varying the Rabi frequency of the control laser field or by tuning the one-photon detunings of the pump and Stokes laser fields. When the three laser fields with nearly equal peak Rabi frequencies are each tuned to resonance with the respective transitions, the low transfer efficiency due to the nonadiabatic coupling between two degenerate adiabatic states could be enhanced dramatically with the increase of the collision-induced coherence decay rates to the value nearly comparable to the Rabi frequency of the control field. The enhanced transfer efficiency results from the collision-controlled electromagnetically induced transparency in the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type three-level subsystem and electromagnetically induced absorption in the ladder-type three-level subsystem of the four-level system.
We propose a selective, efficient, and robust way to realize control of coherent population transfer in a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type four-level system with a closely spaced doublet in the final state with time-separated chirped pump pulse and Stokes pulse pair by merging stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, temporal coherent control, and chirped adiabatic passage techniques. Moreover, an arbitrary coherent superposition between the final doublet, or between the intermediate state and either of the doublets can be created. This method holds the ability to ``control with control'' and has potential applications in coherent control of chemical reactions and quantum information processing.
We present a way to realize selective, robust, and efficient population transfer in a ladder-type four-level system with an equally populated doublet in the initial state. By merging stimulated Raman adiabatic passage and chirped adiabatic passage techniques, we show that selective and complete population transfer from either of the initial doublet levels to the final state can be achieved with chirped pump and Stokes pulse pairs when the spectral resolution constraint of a frequency swept pulse holds (the energy separation of doublet levels should be much larger than the pulse bandwidth). We further demonstrate that the spectral resolution of selective population transfer can be enhanced significantly by using pump pulse pair and Stokes pulse due to temporal quantum interference between the sequential transitions in the time domain, which can also be well followed as a result of the frequency-domain formation of a comblike structure of the pulse pair spectrum. The proposals take into account the case of population transfer in realistic atomic and molecular systems, and may have applications in quantum coherent control of systems with equally populated initial manifolds.
Possibility of coherent control of spontaneous emission from four- and five-level systems in the laser radiation field is studied. The four-level system consists of two levels resonantly driven by laser radiation where either of levels may decay to a separate level. For such a system we show that the presence of the second decay channel may deteriorate the destructive interference occurring because of Autler-Townes effect in case of one decay channel. The five-level system represents two two-level resonantly driven systems with the upper levels decaying to a common level. For this case, the interference between the two decay channels is partially or completely destructive or constructive depending on the initial conditions and on the mutual orientation of the transition dipole moments. It is shown that population transfer takes place by the same quantum vacuum via spontaneous emission. The populations are shown to have damping oscillatory nature.