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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Noninversive partial velocity amplification of radiation by ions due to their rotation in a magnetic field

А. И. Пархоменко

Published Apr 1, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It is shown that upon the application of an external magnetic field, a gas of ionized particles may experience noninversive partial velocity amplification of radiation by ions due to their Larmor rotation. In this case, virtually all ions may be in the ground state. It may happen that approximately half the number of ions in the medium amplify the incident radiation. The integrated absorption coefficient remains positive due to the enhancement of absorption of radiation by the other half of ions. Noninversive amplification of radiation takes place when the condition ω c ≳Γ 2 / kv T is satisfied ωw c is the cyclotron frequency of ions in the magnetic field; Γ is the homogeneous half-width of the absorption line for ions, and kv T is the Doppler width). In the case of interaction of atomic ions with radiation in the optical range, this corresponds to magnetic fields B ≳600 G (for the ion mass M ∼10 amu). Noninversive partial velocity amplification of radiation is a “latent” effect in the sense that it disappears upon averaging over all velocity directions of ions. This effect is associated with the emergence of phase incursion of the induced dipole moment oscillations for ions moving in circular cyclotron orbits, which depends on the ion velocity.

DOI
10.1134/1.1477896

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It is shown that upon the application of an external magnetic field, a gas of ionized particles may experience noninversive partial velocity amplification of radiation by ions due to their Larmor rotation. In this case, virtually all ions may be in the ground state. It may happen that approximately half the number of ions in the medium amplify the incident radiation. The integrated absorption coefficient remains positive due to the enhancement of absorption of radiation by the other half of ions. Noninversive amplification of radiation takes place when the condition ω c ≳Γ 2 / kv T is satisfied ωw c is the cyclotron frequency of ions in the magnetic field; Γ is the homogeneous half-width of the absorption line for ions, and kv T is the Doppler width). In the case of interaction of atomic ions with radiation in the optical range, this corresponds to magnetic fields B ≳600 G (for the ion mass M ∼10 amu). Noninversive partial velocity amplification of radiation is a “latent” effect in the sense that it disappears upon averaging over all velocity directions of ions. This effect is associated with the emergence of phase incursion of the induced dipole moment oscillations for ions moving in circular cyclotron orbits, which depends on the ion velocity.
A study is reported of the influence of a phase memory in the presence of collisions on the work done by a field and on a light-induced drift of two-level gas particles in the Lorentz model of a gas (heavy buffer particles). It is shown that a phase memory may result in amplification of the incident radiation by particles at certain velocities in the absence of a population inversion (when practically all the particles are in the ground state). A phase memory is shown to have a strong influence on the light-induced drift if the collision frequency is much higher than the Doppler width of an absorption line: the drift calculated ignoring the influence of a phase memory may be strongly underestimated.
In the presence of a magnetic field atomic ions are shown to generate monochromatic radiation with the frequency $\ensuremath{\omega}=QB/M$, depending on the field strength B and the ion mass M and charge Q. The origin of the effect is the interaction of the bound electrons with the oscillating field of the Stark term coupling the center of mass and electronic motions of an ion due to the nonseparability of the collective and internal degrees of freedom in the system. The intensity of the radiation is defined by the velocities of the ions and the magnetic field strength.
A probe field propagation in a medium of two-level Jg equals .5 yields Je equals .5 atoms, has been theoretically investigated. The atoms are pumped by a circular polarized optical field. An applied static magnetic field is orthogonal to the direction of the pump field propagation. The case of the pump is a coherent field and Gaussian- Markovian random process with a finite bandwidth of the noise have been analyzed. We have obtained that one of the normal waves can amplify in the absence of population inversion both for coherent and partially coherent pump. For the pump with a finite-bandwidth amplification occurs when the Larmor frequency and the Raby frequency of the pump are of the order of the pump linewidth, which was taken much broader than the natural width of the excited state.
The influence of phase memory under collisions on the field work and the light induced drift (LID) effect of two-level gas particles is studied. It is shown that the phase memory effects may lead to the case where about half of the particles interacting with radiation amplify the incident radiation. The integral absorption coefficient for this remains positive due to growing radiation absorption by another half of the particles. It has been found that the phase memory strongly affects the LID under v ≫ k ( v is the collision frequency, k is the Doppler line width): calculation of LID without regard for the phase memory can lead to underestimation of the LID effect value by a factor of ( v / k ) 2 ≫ 1. Interaction of the particles in the hard sphere model is used to illustrate that the phase memory begins to affect the LID when the relative difference of the transport cross-sections of the particles is ground and excited states is small: Δσ/σ ≲ / R , where is the de Broglie wavelength at thermal velocities, R is the sphere radius.
For atomic media with resonant Doppler-broadened transitions of J=0 to J'=1 or J=1 to J'=0 type and taking into account the relaxation due to depolarizing collisions, a theory of non-linear optical polarization phenomena in the presence of a DC electric field is developed. The theory is valid in the case of both arbitrary resonance radiation intensity and arbitrary external DC electric field spatial orientation. The intensity-dependent contributions to variation of radiation polarization are analysed in detail in the Doppler limit. Special attention is paid to the case of linear polarization of incident radiation; in this case as well as in the presence of a DC electric field, the Doppler-enhanced non-linear optical contributions determining the emerging ellipticity and the rotation angle of polarization, respectively, are of the same order of magnitude (unlike the case of external magnetic field, in which the key effect is the rotation of polarization). It is shown, however, that in the case of the strictly transverse geometry and if the angle between the electric field direction and the initial polarization vector is equal to 45 degrees , the Doppler-enhanced non-linear optical contribution to the rotation angle becomes anomalously small. The effect of the presence of a longitudinal component of electric field on the non-linear optical polarization phenomena is investigated. In addition, although in the case of a purely longitudinal geometry for the considered transitions the electric field effect on radiation polarization modification is absent, some analytic results concerning self-rotation and deformation of a polarization ellipse in the Doppler limit for an intense initially elliptically polarized radiation are also presented.