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Physical Review Letters

Coherence Observed as Left-Right Asymmetry in the Scattering of K(4P322) from Ar

Rudolf Düren, Eckart Hasselbrink, Harald Tischer

Published Jun 20, 1983• 45 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The influence of coherence terms on the differential cross section for $\mathrm{K}(4^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}})$ interacting with Ar has been measured. The excitation with circularly polarized light directed perpendicularly to the scattering plane induces oscillations in the cross section for ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{+}$ light in contrast to ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. This asymmetry is verified by the measurement of the corresponding left-right asymmetry with respect to the scattering angle.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.50.1983

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The influence of coherence terms on the differential cross section for K(42P32)\mathrm{K}(4^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}})K(42P23​​) interacting with Ar has been measured. The excitation with circularly polarized light directed perpendicularly to the scattering plane induces oscillations in the cross section for \ensuremathσ+{\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{+}\ensuremathσ+ light in contrast to \ensuremathσ\ensuremath−{\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremathσ\ensuremath−. This asymmetry is verified by the measurement of the corresponding left-right asymmetry with respect to the scattering angle.
Differential cross sections for the transition K(4P3/2{P}_{3/2}P3/2​\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4P1/2{P}_{1/2}P1/2​) induced by He and Ar have been studied both experimentally and theoretically. Calculations were performed using a full quantal close-coupling formalism. The angular distribution of the scattered atoms is measured by Doppler shift (ADDS method). The comparison with the theoretical calculations is performed on the basis of thorough kinematic analysis. In addition, the polarization effects corresponding to the experimental conditions are taken into account carefully. This allows one to test the accuracy of various interaction potentials available for the K-He and -Ar systems. The most interesting result concerns the K-He l-dependent pseudopotentials, which are found accurate to a sufficiently high level to allow good predictions of the observed differential cross-section patterns. In particular the positions and amplitudes of the cross-section oscillations at large center-of-mass scattering angles are well reproduced. The results for Ar show that the K-Ar potentials must be improved. Finally, taking the K(4P)-He fine-structure transition as an example, it has been shown how polarization effects may be used in ADDS measurements to obtain information on the dynamics of the collision process.
The cross sections for the decay of circular and of linear polarization in oriented 42P324^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}42P23​​ potassium atoms, induced in collision with inert-gas atoms, were determined in a series of fluorescence experiments. A modified Zeeman scanning method was used to populate selectively the mJ{m}_{J}mJ​ sublevels of the 2P32^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}2P23​​ potassium atoms mixed with inert gases and placed in a strong magnetic field. Measurements of depolarization of the fluorescence, in relation to gas pressures, yielded the following depolarization cross sections: ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{1}$ (disorientation): K-He, 86 A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2; K-Ne, 86 A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2; K-Ar, 164 A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2; K-Kr, 248 A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2; K-Xe, 251 \AA{}. ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{2}$ (disalignment): K-He, 127 \AA{}; K-Ne, 120 A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2; K-Ar, 240 A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2, K-Kr, 301 A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2, K-Xe, 336 A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2. The experimental values are in satisfactory agreement with the calculations of Nikitin and Ovchinnikova.
The σ−/σ+ asymmetry in the scattering of excited Na(3 2P3/2) and K(4 2P3/2) atoms with oriented electronic angular momentum from rare gas targets has been systematically studied. The orientation is achieved by exciting the atoms with circularly polarized laser light, which is directed perpendicularly into the scattering plane. The origin of the asymmetry is discussed on the basis of the close coupling formalism. This reveals the centrifugal part of the interaction to be the only central reason. The asymmetry is observed for all of the different target gases studied (Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe). Quantitatively the observed features change strongly for the different combinations. Model calculations are presented which show the different fine-structure splitting of the alkali atom and the polarizability of the rare gas atoms to be responsible for the variation.