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Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Phase diagrams of the corner cubic Heisenberg model and its site-diluted version on a triangular lattice: Renormalization-group treatment

Kiyoshi Nagai

Published Feb 1, 1985• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The global phase diagrams of the corner cubic anisotropic discrete-spin Heisenberg (CH) model and its site-diluted version (dCH) on a triangular lattice are investigated through the position-space renormalization-group method of the simple Migdal-Kadanoff type. The two models include many simpler models as their subspaces, and the interrelations among these models are elucidated. The five-dimensional (5D) phase diagram of the dCH model is generated from the 3D one of the CH model by introducing 2D site-dilution operation. The structure of the 5D phase diagram and the effect of site dilution on the CH model are conveniently visualized by introducing the concept of paths in the 3D subspace. The path describes the temperature variation provided that the ratios between the interaction parameters in the original CH model are fixed. The resulting phase diagrams of the dCH model exhibit the typical three-phase coexistence of solid, liquid, and gas, and their qualitative interpretations are summarized.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.31.1570

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The global phase diagrams of the corner cubic anisotropic discrete-spin Heisenberg (CH) model and its site-diluted version (dCH) on a triangular lattice are investigated through the position-space renormalization-group method of the simple Migdal-Kadanoff type. The two models include many simpler models as their subspaces, and the interrelations among these models are elucidated. The five-dimensional (5D) phase diagram of the dCH model is generated from the 3D one of the CH model by introducing 2D site-dilution operation. The structure of the 5D phase diagram and the effect of site dilution on the CH model are conveniently visualized by introducing the concept of paths in the 3D subspace. The path describes the temperature variation provided that the ratios between the interaction parameters in the original CH model are fixed. The resulting phase diagrams of the dCH model exhibit the typical three-phase coexistence of solid, liquid, and gas, and their qualitative interpretations are summarized.
Based on exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group method, we show that an anisotropic triangular lattice Heisenberg spin model has three distinct quantum phases. In particular, a spin-liquid phase is present in the weak interchain coupling regime, which is characterized by an anisotropic spin structure factor with an exponential-decay spin correlator along the weaker coupling direction, consistent with the Cs2CuCl4{\mathrm{Cs}}_{2}\mathrm{Cu}{\mathrm{Cl}}_{4}Cs2​CuCl4​ compounds. In the obtained phase diagram, the spin-liquid phase is found to persist up to a relatively large critical anisotropic coupling ratio ${J}^{\ensuremath{'}}∕J=0.78$, which is stabilized by strong quantum fluctuations, with a parity symmetry distinct from two magnetic ordered states in the stronger coupling regime.
The global phase diagram for a three-component lattice gas or spin-one Ising model with general single-site and nearest-neighbor "ferromagnetic" interactions is worked out for two-dimensional lattices using a Migdal-Kadanoff recursion relation. It differs in important qualitative respects from the corresponding mean-field phase diagram. The set of fixed points and flows provides the characteristic phase diagrams of the three-state Potts multicritical point and the ordinary (n=1n=1n=1) tricritical point in a complete set of symmetry-breaking fields. The latter is associated, in this renormalization-group scheme, with seven distinct critical fixed points, a number which is surprisingly large.
We use a Migdal-Kadanoff-like renormalization group approach to study the critical behaviour of a semi-infinite simple cubic Ising ferromagnet whose (1, 0, 0) free surface contains anisotropic (in spin space) Heisenberg ferromagnetic interactions. The phase diagram presents three phases (namely the paramagnetic, the bulk ferromagnetic and the surface ferromagnetic ones) which join on a multicritical point The location of this point is calculated as a function of the anisotropy. The various universality classes of the problem are exhibited.
We study the diluted site-bond-correlated (SBC) Ising model within the scheme of the mean-field renormalization group. The SBC Ising model has been proposed to describe the phase diagram for KNip{\mathrm{KNi}}_{\mathit{p}}KNip​${\mathrm{Mg}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{p}}$F3{\mathrm{F}}_{3}F3​. One treats the square (Z=4) and simple cubic (Z=6) lattices by using two different exchange interactions (denoted by models A and B). In the present paper, the phase diagram for some values of the correlation parameter \ensuremath{\alpha}, which range from zero to unity, is studied. We obtain two critical concentrations pc{\mathit{p}}_{\mathit{c}}pc​(\ensuremath{\alpha}=0) and pc{\mathit{p}}_{\mathit{c}}pc​(\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\ne}0) in agreement with results from Monte Carlo methods. In addition, an interesting universal relation between the initial slope ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}^{(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}})}$(\ensuremath{\alpha}=1) and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}^{(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}})}$(\ensuremath{\alpha}=0) is obtained (\ensuremath{\mu} denotes model A or B). From this relation, we can estimate the possible exact values to the initial slope on the completely correlated case. Our approach is valid for lattices with any coordination number Z.
A simple modification of the real-space renormalisation group method is used to discuss critical behaviour of site diluted spin- 1 / 2 Ising and Heisenberg ferromagnets in two and three dimensions. The critical parameters and critical exponents are evaluated, and are shown to be in good agreement with the exact results and series calculations for site-diluted Ising ferromagnets on the square and triangular lattices. Good values of the critical parameters have also been obtained for the site-diluted Heisenberg and Ising models in two and three dimensions using the Migdal-Kadanoff approximation (1976).
The spin-3/2 Ising model, with nearest-neighbor interactions only, is the prototypical system with two different ordering species, with concentrations regulated by a chemical potential. Its global phase diagram, obtained in d=3 by renormalization-group theory in the Migdal-Kadanoff approximation or equivalently as an exact solution of a d=3 hierarchical lattice, with flows subtended by 40 different fixed points, presents a very rich structure containing eight different ordered and disordered phases, with more than 14 different types of phase diagrams in temperature and chemical potential. It exhibits phases with orientational and/or positional order. It also exhibits quintuple phase transition reentrances. Universality of critical exponents is conserved across different renormalization-group flow basins via redundant fixed points. One of the phase diagrams contains a plastic crystal sequence, with positional and orientational ordering encountered consecutively as temperature is lowered. The global phase diagram also contains double critical points, first-order and critical lines between two ordered phases, critical end points, usual and unusual (inverted) bicritical points, tricritical points, multiple tetracritical points, and zero-temperature criticality and bicriticality. The four-state Potts permutation-symmetric subspace is contained in this model.