Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Chinese Physics

Linear optics implementation for quantum game under quantum noise

Cao Shuai, Mao-Fa Fang

Published Jan 16, 2006• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It has recently been shown that linear optics alone would suffice to implement efficient quantum computation. Quantum computation circuits using coherent states as the logical qubits can be constructed from very simple linear networks, conditional measurements and coherent superposition resource states. We present the quantum game under quantum noise and a proposal for implementing the noisy quantum game using only linear optics.

DOI
10.1088/1009-1963/15/2/006

Related papers

Quantum computation with optical coherent states

Timothy C. Ralph, Alexei Gilchrist, Gerard J Milburn +2 more

We show that quantum computation circuits using coherent states as the logical qubits can be constructed from simple linear networks, conditional photon measurements, and ``small'' coherent superposition resource states.

arXiv:quant-ph/0306004•Physical Review A•Oct 20, 2003•716 citations

Quantum Computation with Coherent States, Linear Interactions and Superposed Resources

Timothy C. Ralph, William J. Munro, Gerard J Milburn

We show that quantum computation circuits with coherent states as the logical qubits can be constructed using very simple linear networks, conditional measurements and coherent superposition resource states.

arXiv:quant-ph/0110115•Oct 18, 2001•12 citations

Deterministic Linear Optics Quantum Computation with Single Photon Qubits

Nadav Yoran, Benni Reznik

We suggest an efficient scheme for quantum computation with linear optical elements, where the qubits are encoded in single photon states. The scheme reduces the resources required per logical gate by several orders of magnitude, compared to an earlier proposal of Knill, Laflamme, and Milburn, while the resource overhead per gate is independent of the length of the computation. A central feature of the scheme, enabling these improvements, is the prior construction of a "linked" photon state designed according to the particular quantum circuit one wishes to process. Once this state has been successfully prepared, the computation is pursued deterministically by a sequence of teleportation steps.

arXiv:quant-ph/0303008•Physical Review Letters•Jul 17, 2003•138 citations

Resource-Efficient Linear Optical Quantum Computation

Dan E. Browne, Terry Rudolph

We introduce a scheme for linear optics quantum computation, that makes no use of teleported gates, and requires stable interferometry over only the coherence length of the photons. We achieve a much greater degree of efficiency and a simpler implementation than previous proposals. We follow the "cluster state" measurement based quantum computational approach, and show how cluster states may be efficiently generated from pairs of maximally polarization entangled photons using linear optical elements. We demonstrate the universality and usefulness of generic parity measurements, as well as introducing the use of redundant encoding of qubits to enable utilization of destructive measurements--both features of use in a more general context.

arXiv:quant-ph/0405157•Physical Review Letters•Jun 27, 2005•790 citations

Quantum computation using linear optics

Gerard J Milburn

Summary form only given. Quantum computers are expected to increase the efficiency of solving problems such as factoring large integers. However an experimental implementation of even relatively simple quantum information processing with a few to a dozen qubits presents an enormous technological challenge. One of the earliest proposals for quantum computation is based on implementing a quantum bit with two optical modes containing one photon. The proposal is appealing due to the ease with which photon interference can be observed. However these early proposals required huge single photon optical nonlinearities. Unfortunately currently available optical nonlinearities are too weak and too noisy to be useful. Recently however we have discovered that efficient quantum computation is possible using only beam splitters, phase shifters, single photon sources and photodetectors. Our methods exploit feed forward from photo-detectors and are robust against errors from photon loss and detector inefficiency. In this tutorial I will outline this scheme, highlighting the technical challenges required to implement it. The tutorial will be relatively self contained with a brief introduction to quantum optics and quantum computation.

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference•Jun 25, 2003•0 citations

Optical implementation of quantum computers

John Rarity, Harald Weinfurter

Optical quantum computation was limited to a few photon applications such as quantum cryptography and partial teleportation until 2001. Then the possibility of performing arbitrary logic conditional on certain detection outcomes was introduced by Knill, Laflamme and Milburn ( Nature 2001 409 46). Simple circuits consisting of single photon sources, entangled pair sources, linear optical elements and high efficiency photon counting detectors can be used to develop probabilistic two-photon logic gates. Initially such gates show a low probability of success but can approach the success rate of deterministic (non-linear) logic at the cost of added complexity. These developments have led to the emergence of a novel field of research aimed at improving the efficiency of linear logic and developing the efficient sources and detectors for its implementation. This topical issue of Journal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics is devoted to recent advances in this field. Key to all linear optics gates is the interference effect between separate photons that have no previous history. In this issue we include the first experiment to show such an effect (Rarity et al ), on which many later experiments are based. These interference effects can then be used to entangle separate pairs of particles into higher order entangled states (Zou et al 2005 J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 7 119–121) and also to establish entanglement between matter qubits (Kok et al ). Quantum dot single photon sources suitable for linear optics quantum logic are discussed in the paper by Unitt et al while a waveguide source of pair photons is presented by Ducci et al . The difficulties in scaling linear optics quantum computing arise from the low success probabilities of the gates. Introducing a small amount of non-linearity could allow unit efficiency gates to be designed (Munro et al ) while large non-linearities generated by the collective effects in EIT could be used to implement a wide variety of quantum logic functions (Petrosyan). The development of algorithms suitable for optical implementation is addressed by Ellinas et al . Key contributors to this issue are collaborating in the project IST:38864 RAMBOQ which has a primary goal of developing linear optics computation tools and techniques.

Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics•Jun 30, 2005•0 citations
It has recently been shown that linear optics alone would suffice to implement efficient quantum computation. Quantum computation circuits using coherent states as the logical qubits can be constructed from very simple linear networks, conditional measurements and coherent superposition resource states. We present the quantum game under quantum noise and a proposal for implementing the noisy quantum game using only linear optics.
We suggest an efficient scheme for quantum computation with linear optical elements, where the qubits are encoded in single photon states. The scheme reduces the resources required per logical gate by several orders of magnitude, compared to an earlier proposal of Knill, Laflamme, and Milburn, while the resource overhead per gate is independent of the length of the computation. A central feature of the scheme, enabling these improvements, is the prior construction of a "linked" photon state designed according to the particular quantum circuit one wishes to process. Once this state has been successfully prepared, the computation is pursued deterministically by a sequence of teleportation steps.
We introduce a scheme for linear optics quantum computation, that makes no use of teleported gates, and requires stable interferometry over only the coherence length of the photons. We achieve a much greater degree of efficiency and a simpler implementation than previous proposals. We follow the "cluster state" measurement based quantum computational approach, and show how cluster states may be efficiently generated from pairs of maximally polarization entangled photons using linear optical elements. We demonstrate the universality and usefulness of generic parity measurements, as well as introducing the use of redundant encoding of qubits to enable utilization of destructive measurements--both features of use in a more general context.
Summary form only given. Quantum computers are expected to increase the efficiency of solving problems such as factoring large integers. However an experimental implementation of even relatively simple quantum information processing with a few to a dozen qubits presents an enormous technological challenge. One of the earliest proposals for quantum computation is based on implementing a quantum bit with two optical modes containing one photon. The proposal is appealing due to the ease with which photon interference can be observed. However these early proposals required huge single photon optical nonlinearities. Unfortunately currently available optical nonlinearities are too weak and too noisy to be useful. Recently however we have discovered that efficient quantum computation is possible using only beam splitters, phase shifters, single photon sources and photodetectors. Our methods exploit feed forward from photo-detectors and are robust against errors from photon loss and detector inefficiency. In this tutorial I will outline this scheme, highlighting the technical challenges required to implement it. The tutorial will be relatively self contained with a brief introduction to quantum optics and quantum computation.
Optical quantum computation was limited to a few photon applications such as quantum cryptography and partial teleportation until 2001. Then the possibility of performing arbitrary logic conditional on certain detection outcomes was introduced by Knill, Laflamme and Milburn ( Nature 2001 409 46). Simple circuits consisting of single photon sources, entangled pair sources, linear optical elements and high efficiency photon counting detectors can be used to develop probabilistic two-photon logic gates. Initially such gates show a low probability of success but can approach the success rate of deterministic (non-linear) logic at the cost of added complexity. These developments have led to the emergence of a novel field of research aimed at improving the efficiency of linear logic and developing the efficient sources and detectors for its implementation. This topical issue of Journal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics is devoted to recent advances in this field. Key to all linear optics gates is the interference effect between separate photons that have no previous history. In this issue we include the first experiment to show such an effect (Rarity et al ), on which many later experiments are based. These interference effects can then be used to entangle separate pairs of particles into higher order entangled states (Zou et al 2005 J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 7 119–121) and also to establish entanglement between matter qubits (Kok et al ). Quantum dot single photon sources suitable for linear optics quantum logic are discussed in the paper by Unitt et al while a waveguide source of pair photons is presented by Ducci et al . The difficulties in scaling linear optics quantum computing arise from the low success probabilities of the gates. Introducing a small amount of non-linearity could allow unit efficiency gates to be designed (Munro et al ) while large non-linearities generated by the collective effects in EIT could be used to implement a wide variety of quantum logic functions (Petrosyan). The development of algorithms suitable for optical implementation is addressed by Ellinas et al . Key contributors to this issue are collaborating in the project IST:38864 RAMBOQ which has a primary goal of developing linear optics computation tools and techniques.