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Journal of Mathematical Physics

Quantum transformation theory in fermion Fock space

Yong-de Zhang, Zhong Feng Tang

Published Dec 1, 1993• 21 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this article a general linear quantum transformation U for the following fermion system with n modes, (b′+,b̃′)=U(b+,b̃)U−1=(b+,b̃)(B̃, A, C̃D), is studied. All above transformations in Fock space are proved to form a ray representation of a group which is isomorphic with O(2n,C). The explicit expressions of operator U in terms of the normal ordered product and non-normal ordered product are obtained. A series of auxiliary identities are given. It has been mentioned that the results are applicable to the case of fermion fields with interaction.

DOI
10.1063/1.530274

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In this article a general linear quantum transformation U for the following fermion system with n modes, (b′+,b̃′)=U(b+,b̃)U−1=(b+,b̃)(B̃, A, C̃D), is studied. All above transformations in Fock space are proved to form a ray representation of a group which is isomorphic with O(2n,C). The explicit expressions of operator U in terms of the normal ordered product and non-normal ordered product are obtained. A series of auxiliary identities are given. It has been mentioned that the results are applicable to the case of fermion fields with interaction.
We study in this series the group theoretical structure of Fermion many-body systems arising from the canonical anticommutation relation of the annihilation-creation operators. Owing to the canonical anticommutation relation, a Fermion system with N single particle states has at least six Lie algebras of Fermion operators, a U(N), an SO(2N), an SO(2N+1), an SO(2N+2) and two U(N+1) Lie algebras. There are also two Clifford algebras of 2N and 2N+1 dimensions. The Fermion space is shown to belong to the spinor representations of the SO(2N), SO(2N+1) and SO(2N+2) groups. The canonical transformations generated by the U(N), SO(2N) and SO(2N+1) Lie algebras are characterized as the transformations to induce the linear U(N), SO(2N) and SO(2N+1) transformations for the Clifford algebras. The independent (quasi-) particle type wave functions of three kinds including the Hartree-Fock and Hartree-Bogoliubov wave functions are constructed by means of the canonical transformations and their relationship is studied. We derive three exact generator coordinate representations for state vectors in which the generator coordinates are the U(N), SO(2N) or SO(2N+1) group and the generating functions are the independent (quasi-) particle type wave functions. We characterize the structures of state vectors in the generator coordinate representations and study the relationship of the three representations.
A new many-body theory for fermions is proposed wihich is based on the SO(2N+1) Lie algebra of the fermion operators consisted of the annihilation-creation operators and the pair operators. A New cannonical transformation, which is the extension of the Bogoliubov transformation to the SO(2N+1) group, is introduced. A new bose representation for the fermion Lie operators is obtained by mapping the fermion Lie operators into the regular representation of the SO(2N+1) group. The annihilation-creation operators and the pair operators of fermions are represented by the closed first order differential operators on the SO(2N+1) group. An exact representation of fermion wavefunctions in a form similar to the wavefunction of the generator coordinate method is obtained making use of the SO(2N+1) canonical transformation. The physical fermion space is shown to be the irreducible spinor representation of the SO(2N+1) group. The dynamics of fermions in the bose representation space is shown to represent rotations of a 2N+1 dimensional rotator.