Progress of Theoretical Physics
Theory of Excitations in a Fermion System with Large Quantum Fluctuations: Resonating Random Phase Approximation
Hideo Fukutome
Abstract
We develop a theory of excitations in a Fermion system with large quantum fluctuations that can be described by resonance of non-orthogonal Slater determinants with different correlation structures, namely, by the resonating Hartree-Fock (HF) theory developed previously. We obtain a new approximation for excitations from time dependent small fluctuations of the resonating HF ground state in a similar manner to the time dependent HF derivation of the random phase approximation (RPA). It, therefore, is called the resonating RPA. It gives two kinds of excitations. One is the collective excitations due to secular vibrations of the orbitals in the resonating Slater determinants. These excitations are called vibrons. In contrast to the usual RPA giving only one class of vibrons arising from a Slater determinant, the resonating RPA gives many different classes of vibrons arising from different Slater determinants involved in the ground state. Another kind of excitations arises from secular vibrations of the mixing coefficients of the resonating Slater determinants. These excitations of quite a new kind are shown to correspond to the excited states in the Res HF theory due to the resonance of the Slater determinants and are called resonons. The resonating RPA gives a unified description of vibrons and resonons and their interactions. We discuss new concepts emerging from and suggested by the resonating HF-RPA theory such as resonating energy bands, destruction of long range orders by resonance, solitonic and polaronic resonons and excitons, spin waves with moving solitons and polarons and so on.