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Optics and Spectroscopy

Spin exchange during collisions of two sodium atoms

Victor A. Kartoshkin

Published Apr 1, 2014• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Based on data on the singlet (X 1Σ+) and triplet (a 3Σ+) potentials describing the interaction of two Na atoms in the ground state, the complex cross sections of spin exchange for the system under investigation are calculated. The obtained cross sections allow one to determine relaxation times, as well as magnetic-resonance frequency shifts caused by spin-exchange Na-Na collisions.

DOI
10.1134/s0030400x14030096

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Based on data on the singlet (X 1Σ+) and triplet (a 3Σ+) potentials describing the interaction of two Na atoms in the ground state, the complex cross sections of spin exchange for the system under investigation are calculated. The obtained cross sections allow one to determine relaxation times, as well as magnetic-resonance frequency shifts caused by spin-exchange Na-Na collisions.
Complex spin-exchange cross sections are calculated on the basis of the data on the singlet (X 1Σ+) and triplet (a 3Σ+) potentials describing the interaction of isotopes of Rb alkali-metal atoms in the ground state. The cross sections calculated in this study are compared with the cross-section data obtained earlier with the model interaction potentials. The cross-section values allow one to calculate the processes of polarization transfer and the relaxation times, as well as the magnetic resonance frequency shifts caused by the Rb‒Rb spin-exchange collisions.
Singlet (X 1Σ+) and triplet (a 3Σ+) potentials of interaction of two potassium atoms residing in the ground state (4s 2 S 1/2) are presented. Based on the given interaction potentials, the complex cross sections of spin exchange q=qˉ+iq‾‾q = \bar q + i\overline{\overline q}q=qˉ​+iq​​ for the system under investigation are calculated. Obtained dependences of the real and imaginary parts of the spin-exchange cross section on temperature allow one to obtain information both on the broadening of a magnetic resonance line of K atoms and on the frequency shift of the magnetic resonance during collision.
Collisions of alkali-metal atoms in the ground state with the electron spin S = 1/2 are accompanied by exchange of electron coordinates between colliding particles, which leads to polarization transfer between them (i.e., to the well-known phenomenon of spin exchange). In addition, along with the polarization transfer from one partner to another, the magnetic resonance lines of colliding atoms are broadened and shifted in spin-exchange collisions. In particular the last two processes depend on the complex spin-exchange cross section. The real part of the cross section determines the so-called "spin-exchange cross section," which is responsible for the broadening of magnetic resonance lines, while the imaginary part determines the shift cross section, which governs the frequency shift of magnetic resonance. In order to describe the spin-exchange process one have to know complex spin-exchange cross sections. Complex spin-exchange cross sections are calculated on the basis of the data on the singlet (X 1 Σ + ) and triplet (a 3 Σ + ) potentials describing the interaction alkali-metal atoms in the ground state. Collisions of alkali-metal atoms Cs, Rb, K, Na in the ground state are considered in the energy interval of 10 −4 −10 −2 au.
Abstract Spin-exchange cross sections and the magnetic-resonance frequency shift in collision of lithium and potassium atoms in the ground state have been calculated for the first time. The cross sections are calculated based on the data on the singlet (X1Σ+X{}^{1}{{\Sigma }^{ + }}X1Σ+) and triplet (a3Σ+a{}^{3}{{\Sigma }^{ + }}a3Σ+) interaction potentials of 39K7Li dimer. A passage from the energy dependences to the temperature ones of the real and imaginary parts of the complex spin-exchange cross section yields information about both the broadening of the magnetic resonance line of the atoms under study and the magnetic-resonance frequency shift in their collision.