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Optics Letters

Asymmetric cryptosystem using random binary phase modulation based on mixture retrieval type of Yang–Gu algorithm

Wei Liu, Zhengjun Liu, Shutian Liu

Published May 8, 2013• 147 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose an asymmetric optical image encryption scheme that uses an amplitude and phase mixture retrieval of the Yang-Gu algorithm. The encryption process is realized by employing a cascaded Yang-Gu algorithm together with two random phase masks that serve as the public encryption keys. The two private keys are generated in the encryption process and are randomly distributed binary matrices to be used for performing one-way binary phase modulations. Without the private keys, illegal users cannot retrieve the secret image. Numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the validity and security of the proposed scheme.

DOI
10.1364/ol.38.001651

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Asymmetric cryptosystem using random binary phase modulation based on mixture retrieval type of Yang-Gu algorithm: reply

Wei Liu, Zhengjun Liu, Shutian Liu

We appreciate the comment by He et al. [Opt. Lett.38, 4044 (2013)] in the sense that it allows us to clarify our methodology of constructing an optical asymmetric cryptosystem, especially the relationship of the public encryption keys and private decryption keys. We also take this opportunity to provide a more detailed discussion to promote the research about the optical encryption schemes with asymmetric keys into a more correct direction.

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Asymmetric cryptosystem using random binary phase modulation based on mixture retrieval type of Yang-Gu algorithm: comment

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We comment on the recent Letter, by Liu et al. [Opt. Lett.38, 1651 (2013)] in which a method to improve the security strength of the asymmetric cryptosystem (ACS) by Qin and Peng [Opt. Lett.35, 118 (2010)] was proposed. However, in accordance with Liu's methodology, we could easily find other more efficient ways to achieve their purpose. More importantly, we think it is vitally necessary to point out that there exists a widespread, fundamental misunderstanding on the concept of ACS, which has also been studied in a series of related works.

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We propose an asymmetric optical image encryption scheme that uses an amplitude and phase mixture retrieval of the Yang-Gu algorithm. The encryption process is realized by employing a cascaded Yang-Gu algorithm together with two random phase masks that serve as the public encryption keys. The two private keys are generated in the encryption process and are randomly distributed binary matrices to be used for performing one-way binary phase modulations. Without the private keys, illegal users cannot retrieve the secret image. Numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the validity and security of the proposed scheme.
A new nonlinear optical image encryption scheme based on a modified amplitude phase retrieval algorithm is proposed. With two random phase masks that serve as the public encryption keys, one iterative amplitude and phase retrieval process is employed to encode the primary image into a stationary white noise. The two private keys generated in the encryption process are randomly distributed binary matrices to be used to perform one-way binary phase modulations. The proposed encryption process is nonlinear and offers enhanced security. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and security of the proposed system. The results also illustrate that the computing efficiency of the algorithm is improved and the number of iterations is much less than that of cryptosystem based on Yang-Gu algorithm, which has two iteration processes.
We propose a novel optical information encryption and authentication scheme that uses asymmetric keys generated by the phase-truncation approach and the phase-retrieval algorithm. Multiple images bonded with random phase masks are Fourier transformed, and obtained spectra are amplitude- and phase-truncated. The phase-truncated spectra are encoded into a single random intensity image using the phase-retrieval algorithm. Unlike most of the authentication schemes, in this study, only one encrypted reference image is required for verification of multiple secured images. The conventional double random phase encoding and correlation techniques are employed for authentication verification. Computer simulation results and theoretical explanation prove the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
We comment on the recent Letter, by Liu et al. [Opt. Lett.38, 1651 (2013)] in which a method to improve the security strength of the asymmetric cryptosystem (ACS) by Qin and Peng [Opt. Lett.35, 118 (2010)] was proposed. However, in accordance with Liu's methodology, we could easily find other more efficient ways to achieve their purpose. More importantly, we think it is vitally necessary to point out that there exists a widespread, fundamental misunderstanding on the concept of ACS, which has also been studied in a series of related works.
We propose a novel nonlinear image-encryption scheme based on a Gerchberg-Saxton (G-S) phase-retrieval algorithm in the Fresnel transform domain. The decryption process can be performed using conventional double random phase encoding (DRPE) architecture. The encryption is realized by applying G-S phase-retrieval algorithm twice, which generates two asymmetric keys from intermediate phases. The asymmetric keys are generated in such a way that decryption is possible optically with a conventional DRPE method. Due to the asymmetric nature of the keys, the proposed encryption process is nonlinear and offers enhanced security. The cryptanalysis has been carried out, which proves the robustness of proposed scheme against known-plaintext, chosen-plaintext, and special attacks. A simple optical setup for decryption has also been suggested. Results of computer simulation support the idea of the proposed cryptosystem.
In this paper, we propose a new asymmetric cryptosystem for phase image encryption, using the physically unclonable functions (PUFs) as security keys. For encryption, the original amplitude image is first converted into a phase image and modulated with a PUF to obtain a complex image. This complex image is then illuminated with a plane wave, and the complex wavefront at a distance d is recorded. The real part of the complex wavefront is further processed to obtain the encrypted image and the imaginary part is kept as the private key. The polar decomposition approach is utilized to generate two more private security keys and to enable the multi-user capability in the cryptosystem. Numerical simulations confirm the feasibility of the proposed method.