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Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

A replica mean field theory for the long range anti-ferromagnetic spin models

Kazuo Nokura

Published Sep 10, 2002• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the long range anti-ferromagnetic Ising spin models defined on one- and two-dimensional lattices by using a replica method for the deterministic spin models. In the long range limit, the replicated partition function reduces to that of the generalized anti-Hebbian model. This suggests that there are a dynamical phase transition and glassy states in the long range anti-ferromagnetic spin models. Results of simulated annealing are also presented.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/35/38/305

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We study the long range anti-ferromagnetic Ising spin models defined on one- and two-dimensional lattices by using a replica method for the deterministic spin models. In the long range limit, the replicated partition function reduces to that of the generalized anti-Hebbian model. This suggests that there are a dynamical phase transition and glassy states in the long range anti-ferromagnetic spin models. Results of simulated annealing are also presented.
We discuss the spin glass states of the deterministic spin model with long range anti-ferromagnetic interactions. To apply the replica method, the partial statistical summation with fixed overlap parameters is introduced. By this formulation, we find that the replica theory for this model reduces to that of the anti-Hebbian model in the long range limit, suggesting the existence of dynamical phase transition and glassy states. Results of simulated annealing are also presented to confirm these results.
A classical spherical random-field Hamiltonian with long-range (power-law) interactions is investigated by means of the replica theory. Both ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic interactions are considered. The use of continuous variables instead of Ising variables in the spherical version of the model allows one to calculate the free energy exactly. The existence of an equilibrium phase transition is investigated based on the replica-symmetric solution. The results are applied to the Coulomb-glass model of interacting localized electrons in a disordered solid. This model is shown not to have an equilibrium phase transition for spatial dimensions D<or=4. For D>4 the model has a phase transition to an ordered phase; however, it does not have a phase transition to a 'glassy' phase.
A class of infinite-ranged random model Hamiltonians is defined as a limiting case in which the appropriate form of mean-field theory, order parameters and phase diagram to describe spin-glasses may be established. It is believed that these Hamiltonians may be exactly soluble, although a complete solution is not yet available. Thermodynamic properties of the model for Ising and XY\mathrm{XY}XY spins are evaluated using a "many-replica" procedure. Results of the replica theory reproduce properties at and above the ordering temperature which are also predicted by high-temperature expansions, but are in error at low temperatures. Extensive computer simulations of infinite-ranged Ising spin-glasses are presented. They confirm the general details of the predicted phase diagram. The errors in the replica solution are found to be small, and confined to low temperatures. For this model, the extended mean-field theory of Thouless, Anderson, and Palmer gives physically sensible low-temperature predictions. These are in quantitative agreement with the Monte Carlo statics. The dynamics of the infinite-ranged Ising spin-glass are studied in a linearized mean-field theory. Critical slowing down is predicted and found, with correlations decaying as ${e}^{{\ensuremath{-}[\frac{(T\ensuremath{-}{T}_{c})}{T}]}^{2}t}$ for TTT greater than Tc{T}_{c}Tc​, the spin-glass transition temperature. At and below Tc{T}_{c}Tc​, spin-spin correlations are observed to decay to their long-time limit as ${t}^{\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{2}}$.
A class of infinite-ranged random model Hamiltonians is defined as a limiting case in which the appropriate form of mean-field theory, order parameters and phase diagram to describe spin-glasses may be established. It is believed that these Hamiltonians may be exactly soluble, although a complete solution is not yet available. Thermodynamic properties of the model for Ising and XY\mathrm{XY}XY spins are evaluated using a many-replica procedure. Results of the replica theory reproduce properties at and above the ordering temperature which are also predicted by high-temperature expansions, but are in error at low temperatures. Extensive computer simulations of infinite-ranged Ising spin-glasses are presented. They confirm the general details of the predicted phase diagram. The errors in the replica solution are found to be small, and confined to low temperatures. For this model, the extended mean-field theory of Thouless, Anderson, and Palmer gives physically sensible low-temperature predictions. These are in quantitative agreement with the Monte Carlo statics. The dynamics of the infinite-ranged Ising spin-glass are studied in a linearized mean-field theory. Critical slowing down is predicted and found, with correlations decaying as ${e}^{{\ensuremath{-}[\frac{(T\ensuremath{-}{T}_{c})}{T}]}^{2}t}$ for TTT greater than Tc{T}_{c}Tc​, the spin-glass transition temperature. At and below Tc{T}_{c}Tc​, spin-spin correlations are observed to decay to their long-time limit as ${t}^{\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{2}}$.
A mean-field replica-type theory is presented for long-range Ising spin-glasses whose interactions can be written in the form J ij = J ij I J ij SK , where J SK is a quenched Gaussian interaction, as in the SK spin-glass, and J I is a deterministic matrix which defines the structure or inhomogeneity of the model and must have a finite rank in the thermodynamic limit. The spin-glass model proposed by Franz, Parisi and Virasoro ( Europhys. Lett. , 17 (1992) 5) can be written in this form, with J I having rank 2, and is used as a case study to illustrate our theory. In the context of replica theory we also consider the stable states of this model, which appear continuously as the temperature is lowered.
The Ising model with ferromagnetic interactions that decay as $\frac{1}{{r}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}$ is analyzed in the nonextensive regime $0<~\ensuremath{\alpha}<~d$, where the thermodynamic limit is not defined. In order to study the asymptotic properties of the model in the $N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$ limit (NNN being the number of spins) we propose a generalization of the Curie-Weiss model, for which the $N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$ limit is well defined for all $\ensuremath{\alpha}>~0$. We conjecture that mean-field theory is exact in the last model for all $0<~\ensuremath{\alpha}<~d$. This conjecture is supported by Monte Carlo heat-bath simulations in the d=1d=1d=1 case. Moreover, we confirm a recently conjectured scaling by Tsallis that allows for a unification of extensive ($\ensuremath{\alpha}>d$) and nonextensive ($0<~\ensuremath{\alpha}<~d$) regimes.