A beam of noninteracting particles, bosons or fermions, is described by the superposition of stochastic wave packets. This description allows in each case (bosons or fermions) the determination of the detection process of the particles. This process is defined by the set of the $p$ -order coincidence probability densities, a general formulation of which is given. In the case of a stationary and weak incoherent beam, these coincidence probability densities are studied thoroughly and several results are obtained. The well-known bunching effect for bosons and the "antibunching effect" for fermions are shown to come from the detection of indistinguishable particles. In the boson case, all the well-known results for thermal light are found. In the fermion case, the detection process is, under certain conditions, identical to a renewal process.A beam of noninteracting particles, bosons or fermions, is described by the superposition of stochastic wave packets. This description allows in each case (bosons or fermions) the determination of the detection process of the particles. This process is defined by the set of the $p$-order coincidence probability densities, a general formulation of which is given. In the case of a stationary and weak incoherent beam, these coincidence probability densities are studied thoroughly and several results are obtained. The well-known bunching effect for bosons and the "antibunching effect" for fermions are shown to come from the detection of indistinguishable particles. In the boson case, all the well-known results for thermal light are found. In the fermion case, the detection process is, under certain conditions, identical to a renewal process.

Physical Review ANov 1, 197014 citations

Photon Statistics in a Waveguide: Beyond Bunching and Antibunching

Xin H. H. Zhang, Harold U. Baranger

Oct 4, 20171 citation

Super-resolution imaging by anticorrelation of optical intensities

Shao-Ying Meng, Ying-Hui Sha, Qiang Fu +5 more

Photon bunching, a feature of classical thermal fields, has been widely exploited to implement ghost imaging. Here we show that spatial photon antibunching can be experimentally observed via low-pass filtering of the intensities of the two thermal light beams from a beamsplitter correlation system. Through suitable choice of the filter thresholds, the minimum of the measured normalized anti-correlation function, i.e., antibunching dip, can be lower than 0.2, while its full-width-at-half-maximum can be much narrower than that of the corresponding positive correlation peak. Based on this anti-correlation effect, a super-resolution negative ghost image is achieved in a lensless scheme, in which the spatial resolution can exceed the Rayleigh diffraction limit by more than a factor of two. The setup is quite simple and easy to implement, which is an advantage for practical applications.Photon bunching, a feature of classical thermal fields, has been widely exploited to implement ghost imaging. Here we show that spatial photon antibunching can be experimentally observed via low-pass filtering of the intensities of the two thermal light beams from a beamsplitter correlation system. Through suitable choice of the filter thresholds, the minimum of the measured normalized anti-correlation function, i.e., antibunching dip, can be lower than 0.2, while its full-width-at-half-maximum can be much narrower than that of the corresponding positive correlation peak. Based on this anti-correlation effect, a super-resolution negative ghost image is achieved in a lensless scheme, in which the spatial resolution can exceed the Rayleigh diffraction limit by more than a factor of two. The setup is quite simple and easy to implement, which is an advantage for practical applications.

Optics LettersSep 24, 201813 citations

View of bunching and antibunching from the standpoint of classical signals

Andrei Yu. Khrennikov

Theoretical and Mathematical PhysicsJul 1, 20121 citation

Second-order statistical properties of quantum chaotic beams

C. Bendjaballah, M. Pourmir

We consider the situation in which the field of quantum particles such as photons (bosons) or electrons (fermions) undergoes a significant attenuation during the detection process. We characterize the second-order statistical properties of the field by the bunching for bosons and the antibunching for fermions. Bunching and antibunching effects are derived from the time intervals distributions of the random point process of detection instead of the moments of the number of particles registered in a given time interval. Fields of both beams are supposed to be in chaotic states and have second-order time correlation functions of exponential profile and of arbitrary correlation time. A test is proposed for nonclassical states: the behavior of the antibunching function is a nondecreasing function near the origin of the time axis.We consider the situation in which the field of quantum particles such as photons (bosons) or electrons (fermions) undergoes a significant attenuation during the detection process. We characterize the second-order statistical properties of the field by the bunching for bosons and the antibunching for fermions. Bunching and antibunching effects are derived from the time intervals distributions of the random point process of detection instead of the moments of the number of particles registered in a given time interval. Fields of both beams are supposed to be in chaotic states and have second-order time correlation functions of exponential profile and of arbitrary correlation time. A test is proposed for nonclassical states: the behavior of the antibunching function is a nondecreasing function near the origin of the time axis.

Physical Review AMay 15, 20091 citation

p

-order coincidence probability densities, a general formulation of which is given. In the case of a stationary and weak incoherent beam, these coincidence probability densities are studied thoroughly and several results are obtained. The well-known bunching effect for bosons and the "antibunching effect" for fermions are shown to come from the detection of indistinguishable particles. In the boson case, all the well-known results for thermal light are found. In the fermion case, the detection process is, under certain conditions, identical to a renewal process.