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Journal of Mathematical Physics

Multiple time scale analysis of an anharmonic crystal

I. C. Khoo, Y. K. Wang

Published Feb 1, 1976• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We use the multiple time scale perturbation method to study the lattice dynamics of an anharmonic crystal. The Heisenberg equations of motion for the creation and annihilation operators are solved, and the frequency shift and the decay constants are found to the second order. We also discuss briefly how to apply our solution to calculate the correlation function.

DOI
10.1063/1.522884

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We use the multiple time scale perturbation method to study the lattice dynamics of an anharmonic crystal. The Heisenberg equations of motion for the creation and annihilation operators are solved, and the frequency shift and the decay constants are found to the second order. We also discuss briefly how to apply our solution to calculate the correlation function.
Conventional weak-coupling perturbation theory suffers from problems that arise from the resonant coupling of successive orders in the perturbation series. Multiple-scale perturbation theory avoids such problems by implicitly performing an infinite reordering and resummation of the conventional perturbation series. Multiple-scale analysis provides a good description of the classical anharmonic oscillator. Here, it is extended to study the Heisenberg operator equations of motion for the quantum anharmonic oscillator. The analysis yields a system of nonlinear operator differential equations, which is solved exactly. The solution provides an operator mass renormalization of the theory.
The spontaneous radiative decay to the ground state of an atomic system initially in the higher of two excited states, coupled in a radiationless fashion by an external field, is investigated by the method of multiple-time-scale perturbation theory. The coupled differential equations of motion for the probability amplitudes are solved to second order, while the usual secular behavior of conventional time-dependent perturbation theory is eliminated in terms of two natural time scales: a fast time scale corresponding to the reciprocal of the level transition frequency and a slower time scale associated with the inverse of the radiation linewidth. Expressions are obtained to this order for the energy shifts and decay characteristics of the excited states and the energy distribution of the final-state photons, quantities previously determined by Fourier analysis and contour integration and by the phenomenological approach of Weisskopf and Wigner. A detailed comparison of these various methods of solution includes conditions under which the present results agree to second order with the previous calculations.
For this study, the researchers purposed to evaluate the Heisenberg equation of motion for the creation and annihilation operator under the force vibration simple harmonic oscillation. Instead of using the first-order ordinary differential equation to solve the Heisenberg equation of motion, the researchers got the time-dependent creation and annihilation operator under the time-dependent force vibration simple harmonic oscillation. The behavior of wave group in the creation and annihilation operator for image part is destroyed by increasing of the parameter value of .