Excitation of vortex solitons in a Gaussian beam configuration

Deen Li, Quanfa Chen, Baoqing Zhang +1 more

Deen Li, Quanfa Chen, Baoqing Zhang +1 more

Shun-Fang Chen, Qi Guo, Si-Liu Xu +4 more

Amir Ali, Shreefa O. Hilali, Abdul Majeed +1 more

ABSTRACT The manipulation of optical solitons and their pulse intensity in a five‐level M‐type Kerr atomic medium driven by control fields of a super‐Gaussian beam is investigated. Here, we study an important problem for the design of tunable nonlinear optical and quantum communication systems that can control soliton characteristics through spatial beam parameters. The theoretical investigation is based on the density‐matrix formalism combined with the Maxwell–Bloch equations to analyze the propagation dynamics of solitonic pulses under different beam orders, variances, detunings, and Rabi frequencies. It is shown that the soliton profile depends strongly on the deviation and order of the super‐Gaussian beam. The pulse amplitude and localization significantly improve, and the system exhibits transitions from multipeak to bright and dark periodic solitons when the power is adjusted between 1 and 10 and the variances between 0 and 1. The measured soliton intensities from to show controlled behavior throughout spatial and temporal coordinates. The results demonstrate that the dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity balance may be externally adjusted using beam shape, enabling flexible soliton generation and control. This work is novel and extends earlier work that was limited to Gaussian or lower level configurations by introducing a structured‐beam‐driven approach to control optical solitons in M‐type atomic system.

Ruimin Wang, Zhenkun Wu, Yiqi Zhang +6 more

We report the observation of multi-component dipole and vortex vector solitons composed of eight coexisting four-wave mixing (FWM) signals in two-level atomic system. The formation and stability of the multi-component dipole and vortex vector solitons are observed via changing the experiment parameters, including the frequency detuning, powers, and spatial configuration of the involved beams and the temperature of the medium. The transformation between modulated vortex solitons and rotating dipole solitons is observed at different frequency detunings. The interaction forces between different components of vector solitons are also investigated.

Manna Chen, Bingjin Liao, Hongcheng Wang +3 more

A Theory is presented to construct several types of self-trapping nonlinear modes in the two-dimensional model of binary Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with the repulsive dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) and the spatially confined spin-orbit coupling (SOC). The spatially confined SOC can be induced by illuminating spinor BEC with a Gaussian beam. It is found that the two-dimensional SOC of Rashba type within a confined area can help trap the composite matter-wave solitons. Under the combined effects of the repulsive DDI and the SOC, stable solitons of semi-vortex type and mixed-mode type can be found in ground state as well as in excited state. These solitons can still be stable when the topological number is up to 11. The properties and stability of the nonlinear modes is also studied in a moving frame of reference.