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Solid State Communications

Evaporative cooling of an ideal Bose-Einstein gas in an anharmonic parabolic confinement potential

Jacques Tempere, F. Brosens, J. T. Devreese

Published Jun 1, 1997• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0038-1098(97)00072-0

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The realization of Bose–Einstein condensation of 133 Cs relies on an innovative evaporative cooling technique using a dimple potential. Correctly loading an atomic gas into such a potential produces a dense sample with a high phase space density, ideal for evaporative cooling. We have numerically simulated both the loading process and the subsequent evaporative cooling from a dimple potential in order to elucidate the optimization of this technique. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this technique would be effective in cooling 85 Rb to quantum degeneracy and describe a simple scheme for its implementation.
We report experiments on evaporative cooling of spin-polarized atomic hydrogen gas confined in a cryogenic magnetic trap, and present a model of the trapped gas based on a generalized truncated Boltzmann approximation for the phase-space distribution function. The model takes into account the dimension of the evaporation [three-dimensional (3D) or 1D] and the time dependence of both the depth and the shape of the confining potential. Our observations are consistent with 1D evaporative cooling. To attain maximal phase-space density, we used the model assuming 1D evaporative cooling to optimize the evaporation procedure. With this work, the low dimension of evaporation was identified as the bottleneck thus far preventing us from achieving Bose-Einstein condensation in trapped atomic hydrogen.