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Optics Express

Brillouin assisted slow-light enhancement via Fabry-Perot cavity effects

César Jáuregui, Periklis Petropoulos, David John Richardson

Published Jan 1, 2007• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show that the presence of a cavity modifies the behaviour of Brillouin-assisted slow light and can be used to significantly enhance the achievable pulse delays. Moreover, the cavity introduces an additional wavelength dependence into the delay versus gain relationship which can be used to provide an extra degree of control within a slow light system. The degree of delay enhancement depends critically both on the cavity finesse and the Brillouin pump power. Our experiments show that delay enhancements greater than 100% can be obtained accompanied by only relatively modest increases in pulse distortion.

DOI
10.1364/oe.15.005126

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Optics Express•May 22, 2008•31 citations
We show that the presence of a cavity modifies the behaviour of Brillouin-assisted slow light and can be used to significantly enhance the achievable pulse delays. Moreover, the cavity introduces an additional wavelength dependence into the delay versus gain relationship which can be used to provide an extra degree of control within a slow light system. The degree of delay enhancement depends critically both on the cavity finesse and the Brillouin pump power. Our experiments show that delay enhancements greater than 100% can be obtained accompanied by only relatively modest increases in pulse distortion.
We discuss the maximum achievable time delay of stimulated-Brillouin-scattering-based systems that rely on the superposition of gain and loss spectra. As we will show, the time delay can be enhanced up to 8.5 times if the gain is superimposed with a broad loss and 9.5 times if two narrow losses are superimposed at the wings of the gain. Furthermore, we show that the parametric interaction between the different pump waves is negligibly small. Our theoretical analysis does not include pulse distortions that are accompanied by the delay.
We compare two simple mechanisms for the enhancement of the time delay in slow light systems. Both are based on the superposition of the Brillouin gain with additional loss. As we will show in theory and experiment if two losses are placed at the wings of a SBS gain, contrary to other methods, the loss power increases the time delay. This leads to higher delay times at lower optical powers and to an increase of the zero gain delay of more than 50%. With this method we achieved a time delay of more than 120ns for pulses with a temporal width of 30ns. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest time delay in just one fiber spool. Beside the enhancement of the time delay the method could have the potential to decrease the pulse distortions for high bit rate signals.
Different Slow-light systems have been discussed and developed as a powerful tool to reduce the group velocity of optical signals during the last years. It has enjoyed much recent interest because of the potential system applications in optical telecommunication and information systems. Especially the nonlinear effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) has become important for fiber based Slow-light systems. But, the SBS also has two challenges. First, the maximum time delay is limited due to the saturation of the Brillouin amplification process and second, the delay of the pulses is accompanied by pulse distortions (pulse shape broadening). For these aspects the shape of the Brillouin spectrum is of special interest. In this article a system is presented which allows the optimisation of the Brillouin spectrum. Simulations and first measurements show how the time delay can be enhanced with a simultaneous reduction of the pulse distortions.
We show a simple method of time delay enhancement in slow-light systems based on the effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering. The method is based on the reduction of the absolute Brillouin gain by a loss produced by an additional pump laser. With this method we achieved pulse delays of nearly 100 ns in a standard single-mode fiber. In the presented approach the delay or acceleration of optical signals is decoupled from their amplification or attenuation, which allows the adaptation of the pulse amplitudes to the given application.
We show a simple method to reduce the distortions in SBS based slow light systems. The distortion reduction is simply based on a broadening and adaptation of the gain bandwidth. However, a broadened gain reduces the achievable fractional delay which cannot be compensated by higher pump powers. Here we will show that this compensation can be done by additional loss spectra. With the presented method low distortions for high fractional pulse delays are possible. We show the theory and experimental verifications of our method. For Gaussian pulses with a fractional delay of 1 Bit we achieved a distortion reduction of around 23%.