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Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

Ground-state properties of 1D Hubbard model in optical superlattice

Atsushi Yamamoto, T. Yamashita, Makoto Yamashita, N. Kawakami

Published Oct 31, 2006• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.10.137

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We study the ground-state properties of spin-1/2 fermionic atoms confined in a one-dimensional optical superlattice with harmonic confinement by using the density-matrix renormalization group method. For this purpose, we consider an ionic Hubbard model that has superlattice potentials with two-site periodicity. We find that several different types of insulating regimes coexist even if the number of atoms at each site is not an integer, but its average within the unit cell is an integer or half integer. This is contrasted to the coexisting phase of the metallic and Mott-insulating regimes known for the ordinary Hubbard model in an optical lattice. The phase characteristics are elucidated by investigating the profiles of the atom density, the local density (spin) fluctuations, the double occupation probability, and the spin correlations in detail.
Recently, the relation between one-dimensional (1D) quasicrystals and 2D topological insulators has been demonstrated theoretically and also experimentally by using optical waveguides.It has been shown that 1D quasicrystals can be classified in terms of topology for 2D integer quantum Hall systems.Such quasicrystals can be also realized in ultracold atoms loaded in optical superlattices.In this study, we consider a 1D Bose-Hubbard model in a quasiperiodic superlattice.It is known that a gap in the excitation spectrum is induced by the interaction, and the resulting Mott insulating phase is characterized by a nonzero Chern number.The system is called a topological Mott insulator.In the non-interacting case, topological equivalence between the Fibonacci quasicrystal and the Harper model is already known.However, it has not been clarified whether such topological equivalence exists in topological Mott insulators.We show numerically that the topological equivalence exists in a wide range of quasiperiodic Bose-Hubbard model.