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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Decay, excitation, and ionization of lithium Rydberg states by blackbody radiation

Vitalii D Ovsiannikov, Igor L. Glukhov

Published Sep 10, 2010• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Details of interaction between the blackbody radiation and neutral lithium atoms were studied in the temperature ranges T = 100-2000 K. The rates of thermally induced decays, excitations and ionization were calculated for S-, P- and D-series of Rydberg states in the Fues' model potential approach. The quantitative regularities for the states of the maximal rates of blackbody-radiation-induced processes were determined. Approximation formulas were proposed for analytical representation of the depopulation rates.

DOI
10.1117/12.879599

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Physica Scripta•Nov 1, 2013•1 citation
Details of interaction between the blackbody radiation and neutral lithium atoms were studied in the temperature ranges T = 100-2000 K. The rates of thermally induced decays, excitations and ionization were calculated for S-, P- and D-series of Rydberg states in the Fues' model potential approach. The quantitative regularities for the states of the maximal rates of blackbody-radiation-induced processes were determined. Approximation formulas were proposed for analytical representation of the depopulation rates.
The radiative widths induced by blackbody radiation (BBR) were investigated for Rydberg states with principal quantum number up to n = 1000 in S-, P- and D-series of the neutral lithium atom at temperatures T = 100–3000 K. The rates of BBR-induced decays and excitations were compared with the rates of spontaneous decays. Simple analytical approximations are proposed for accurate estimations of the ratio of thermally induced decay (excitation) rates to spontaneous decay rates in wide ranges of states and temperatures.
New features of the blackbody-induced radiation processes on Rydberg atoms were discovered on the basis of numerical data for the blackbody-induced decay P d nl ( T ), excitation P e nl ( T ) and ionization P ion nl ( T ) rates of n S, n P and n D Rydberg states calculated together with the spontaneous decay rates P sp nl in neutral hydrogen, and singlet and triplet helium atoms for some values of the principal quantum number n from 10 to 500 at temperatures from T = 100 K to 2000 K. The fractional rates R d ( e , ion) nl ( T ) = P nl d ( e , ion) ( T )/ P sp nl equal to the ratio of the induced decay (excitation, ionization) rates to the rate of spontaneous decay were determined as functions of T and n in every series of states with a given angular momentum l = 0, 1, 2. The calculated data reveal an essential difference between the asymptotic dependence of the ionization rate P ion nl ( T ) and the rates of decay and excitation P d ( e ) nl ( T )∝ T / n 2 . The departures appear in each Rydberg series for n > 100 and introduce appreciable corrections to the formula of Cooke and Gallagher. Two different approximation formulae are proposed on the basis of the numerical data, one for R d ( e ) nl ( T ) and another one for R ion nl ( T ), which reproduce the calculated values in wide ranges of principal quantum number from n = 10 to 1000 and temperatures between T = 100 K and T = 2000 K with an accuracy of 2% or better. Modified Fues' model potential approach was used for calculating matrix elements of bound–bound and bound–free radiation transitions in helium.
The rates of excitations and decays induced by blackbody radiation were calculated in the single-electron Fues' model potential approach for states up to n = 100 in rubidium s-, p-and d-series.On the basis of the calculations, general regularities for maxima rates of blackbody radiation induced decays and excitations were ascertained and a simple polynomial-based approximation formula was proposed for blackbody radiation induced decay and excitation rates of Rydberg states.A temperature parameterization for T = 50-1500 K was also proposed and respective matrices of coefficients were calculated.
The results of theoretical calculations of the blackbody ionization rates of lithium, potassium, and cesium atoms residing in Rydberg states are presented. The calculations are performed for nS , nP , and nD states in a wide range of principal quantum numbers, n = 8−65, for blackbody radiation temperatures T = 77, 300, and 600 K. The calculations are performed using the known quasi-classical formulas for the photoionization cross sections and for the radial matrix elements of transitions in the discrete spectrum. The effect of the blackbody-radiation-induced population redistribution between Rydberg states on the blackbody ionization rates measured under laboratory conditions is quantitatively analyzed. Simple analytical formulas that approximate the numerical results and that can be used to estimate the blackbody ionization rates of Rydberg atoms are presented. For the S series of lithium, the rate of population of high-lying Rydberg levels by blackbody radiation is found to anomalously behave as a function of n . This anomaly is similar to the occurrence of the Cooper minimum in the discrete spectrum.
The effect of a thermal field on Rydberg states of the nS-, nP- and nD-series in beryllium ions Be+ is investigated. The blackbody radiation-induced depopulation rates caused by transitions to upper (excitations) and lower (decays) bound levels and to the continuum (ionization) are calculated in wide ranges of the principal quantum numbers n and ambient temperatures. Simple and reliable approximations for natural lifetimes and stimulated by thermal radiation depopulation rate components are proposed. The blackbody-radiation-induced shifts of Rydberg levels are also calculated and their qualitative and quantitative properties are analysed.