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Laser Physics Letters

Biasing a coin after the toss: asymmetric delayed choice quantum eraser via Bragg regime cavity QED

Rameez‐ul‐Islam, Tasawar Abbas, Manzoor Ikram

Published Dec 11, 2014• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum eraser (QE), on the one hand, is treated as the most intriguing phenomenon that puts a conception of the time in classical and quantum physics in contrast whereas, on the other hand, the same phenomenon is considered fallacious and based on the wrong arguments. Here, we propose an asymmetric delayed choice QE based on a Mach?Zandher?Bragg (MZB) atom interferometer that marks the intriguing effects more explicitly through delayed choice, tunable manipulation of the de Broglie matter wave interference. We also plot distinguishability D and fringe visibility V as a function of the atom?field interaction time utilized for the delayed choice eraser to highlight the counter-intuitive nature of the phenomenon. The interferometric scheme is based on Bragg diffraction of neutral two-level atoms through cavity fields. It is shown that the proposal is deterministic in nature and can be demonstrated experimentally with overall good fidelity utilizing the available technical?resources.

DOI
10.1088/1612-2011/12/1/015203

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Quantum eraser (QE), on the one hand, is treated as the most intriguing phenomenon that puts a conception of the time in classical and quantum physics in contrast whereas, on the other hand, the same phenomenon is considered fallacious and based on the wrong arguments. Here, we propose an asymmetric delayed choice QE based on a Mach?Zandher?Bragg (MZB) atom interferometer that marks the intriguing effects more explicitly through delayed choice, tunable manipulation of the de Broglie matter wave interference. We also plot distinguishability D and fringe visibility V as a function of the atom?field interaction time utilized for the delayed choice eraser to highlight the counter-intuitive nature of the phenomenon. The interferometric scheme is based on Bragg diffraction of neutral two-level atoms through cavity fields. It is shown that the proposal is deterministic in nature and can be demonstrated experimentally with overall good fidelity utilizing the available technical?resources.
Abstract We present an idea for the doubly tagged delayed-choice tunable quantum eraser in a cavity QED setup, based on fully controlled resonant as well as dispersive atom–field interactions. Two cavity fields, bound initially in the Bell state, are coupled to a three-level atom. Such an atom is initially prepared in the coherent superposition of the lower two levels and is quite capable of exhibiting Ramsey fringes if taken independently. It is shown that the coherence lost due to tagging can not only be retrieved but that the fringe visibility/path distinguishability can also be conditionally tuned in a delayed manner through local manipulation of the entangled cavity fields. The stringent condition here is the retainment of the system’s coherence during successive manipulations of the individual cavity fields. Such a quantum eraser, therefore, prominently highlights the links among all the counterintuitive features of quantum theory including the conception of time, measurement, state vector reduction, coherence and information in an unambiguous manner. The schematics can be straightforwardly extended to a multipartite scenario and employed to explore multi-player quantum games with the payoff being strangely decided through delayed choice setups.
Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment highlights strange features of quantum theory such as pre-sensing of the experimental setup by the quantum object and the role of time. A recent proposal for such an experiment with an interferometer having a quantum beam splitter (QBS) [R. Ionicioiu and D. R. Terno, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 230406 (2011)] and its subsequent experimental implementations through photonics and NMR have produced results including the modification in the concept of complementarity. Here we propose a matter-wave Mach-Zehnder-Bragg cavity-QED interferometric setup with final QBS engineered through a cavity field that is taken initially in the superposition of zero and one photon. The setup operates through first-order off-resonant Bragg diffraction of the neutral atoms from the cavity fields with the matter wave's particle (wave) nature marked through the absence (presence) of a photon in the final cavity. The proposal, addressing the issue through atomic de Broglie waves, can be executed within the present cavity-QED experimental scenario with appreciable success probability and fidelity.
Quantum superposition lies at the core of quantum mechanics and has been applied to various quantum technologies. Over the past few decades, Wheeler’s delayed-choice thought experiment has been extensively examined to explore the wave-particle duality of the complementary nature of quantum mechanics. The essence of the delayed-choice quantum eraser lies in the contradictory quantum property that violates the cause-effect relationship in classical physics. Our experiments present empirical evidence of the quantum eraser using coherent photon pairs provided in a noninteracting Mach-Zehnder interferometer for the polarization-basis control of output photons. The observed interference fringe is the direct proof of the quantum eraser, where the violation of the cause-effect relationship is due to the selective choices of the measurement events.
Abstract Wave–particle duality is a counterintuitive nature of quantum physics that challenges many common-sense assumptions, and Young’s double-slit interference is a prototypical example. While most quantum erasure experiments emphasized the choice of erasing or marking the which-path information of one quantum system, we use frequency entanglement to report a nonlocal temporal double-slit interferometer such that the which-time information determines the wave-like or particle-like behaviors. Since frequency-entangled photons are created simultaneously by using spontaneous parametric down conversion, the mark of temporal distinguishability is readily prepared by delaying one of the entangled photons, and its quantum eraser is implemented by using spectrally resolved detection with a tunable delayed choice. These results may provide an alternative aspect and insight into the role of the temporal degree in quantum-light complementarity and photon interference.
Quantum superposition is the cornerstone of quantum mechanics, where interference fringes originate in the self-interference of a single photon via indistinguishable photon characteristics. Wheeler's delayed-choice experiments have been extensively studied for the wave-particle duality over the last several decades to understand the complementarity theory of quantum mechanics. The heart of the delayed-choice quantum eraser is in the mutually exclusive quantum feature violating the cause-effect relation. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the quantum eraser using coherent photon pairs by the delayed choice of a polarizer placed out of the interferometer. Coherence solutions of the observed quantum eraser are derived from a typical Mach-Zehnder interferometer, where the violation of the cause-effect relation is due to selective measurements of basis choice.
The quantum eraser effect of Scully and Drühl dramatically underscores the difference between our classical conceptions of time and how quantum processes can unfold in time. Such eyebrow-raising features of time in quantum mechanics have been labeled "the fallacy of delayed choice and quantum eraser" on the one hand and described "as one of the most intriguing effects in quantum mechanics" on the other. In the present paper, we discuss how the availability or erasure of information generated in the past can affect how we interpret data in the present. The quantum eraser concept has been studied and extended in many different experiments and scenarios, for example, the entanglement quantum eraser, the kaon quantum eraser, and the use of quantum eraser entanglement to improve microscopic resolution.