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Quantum Optics Journal of the European Optical Society Part B

On the realization of interaction-free measurements

Lev Vaidman A

Published Jun 1, 1994• 48 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A possible realistic implementation of a method for interaction-free measurements, due to Elitzur and Vaidman, is proposed and discussed. It is argued that the effect can be observed in an optical laboratory.
DOI
10.1088/0954-8998/6/3/002

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Possible realistic implementations of a method for interaction-free measurements, due to Elitzur and Vaidman, are proposed and discussed. It is argued that the effect can be easily demonstrated in an optical laboratory.

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Interaction-free measurement is introduced through a set of problems suitable for undergraduates. Both the original scheme suggested by Elitzur and Vaidman and an improved one proposed by Kwiat et al. are considered. Theoretical predictions are compared to experimental data.

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Abstract I am greatly indebted to Roger Penrose. I have learned very much from his papers, from his exciting books, and from our (too short) conversations. I am most grateful to Roger for developing the idea of Avshalom Elitzur and myself on interaction-free measurements (IFM). The version of IFM Penrose described in his book (1994) is conceptually different from our original proposal, and although it is much more difficult for practical applications it has the advantage of demonstrating even more striking quantum phenomena. So I will start with presenting Penrose’s version of IFM.

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The interaction-free measurements proposed by Elitzur and Vaidman (EV IFM) is a quantum mechanical method to find an object that interacts with other systems solely via its explosion without exploding it. In this method, an object can be found without ``touching it'', i.e. without any particle being at its vicinity.

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Experimental demonstration of interaction-free measurements

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It is now well-understood that the complementary wave- and particle-like natures of quanta enable one to make measurements that are “interaction-free” -- one can determine the presence or absence of an object, even a completely absorbing object, without any photons being absorbed. The first proposal of such a scheme was limited to an efficiency of 50% -- at most half of the measurements could be interaction free [1]. By using an application of the Quantum Zeno effect, one can in fact have the fraction of interaction-free measurements arbitrarily close to one [2].

•Jul 14, 1996•0 citations

Quantum interaction-free measurement

Zhi-chuan Dong, Peng Zhuang

"Interaction-free measurements" (IFM) originate from the latest quantum interferometric technologies. The latest research of quantum optics demonstrates, by using the complementary wavelike and particlelike natures of photons, it is possible to make interaction-free measurements by which the presence of an object can be determined with no photons being absorbed. The paper introduces the concept of "Interaction-free Measurement" (IFM), the original Elitzur-Vaidman scheme, the "High Efficiency Interaction-free Measurement", the application of quantum Zeno effect and the improved scheme proposed by Kwiat et al. The EV scheme is implemented in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Theoretically this paper also draws a conclusion in IFM feasibility by analyzing the wave functions of photon at various locations in the interferometer.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Feb 13, 2006•0 citations
Abstract I am greatly indebted to Roger Penrose. I have learned very much from his papers, from his exciting books, and from our (too short) conversations. I am most grateful to Roger for developing the idea of Avshalom Elitzur and myself on interaction-free measurements (IFM). The version of IFM Penrose described in his book (1994) is conceptually different from our original proposal, and although it is much more difficult for practical applications it has the advantage of demonstrating even more striking quantum phenomena. So I will start with presenting Penrose’s version of IFM.
It is now well-understood that the complementary wave- and particle-like natures of quanta enable one to make measurements that are “interaction-free” -- one can determine the presence or absence of an object, even a completely absorbing object, without any photons being absorbed. The first proposal of such a scheme was limited to an efficiency of 50% -- at most half of the measurements could be interaction free [1]. By using an application of the Quantum Zeno effect, one can in fact have the fraction of interaction-free measurements arbitrarily close to one [2].
"Interaction-free measurements" (IFM) originate from the latest quantum interferometric technologies. The latest research of quantum optics demonstrates, by using the complementary wavelike and particlelike natures of photons, it is possible to make interaction-free measurements by which the presence of an object can be determined with no photons being absorbed. The paper introduces the concept of "Interaction-free Measurement" (IFM), the original Elitzur-Vaidman scheme, the "High Efficiency Interaction-free Measurement", the application of quantum Zeno effect and the improved scheme proposed by Kwiat et al. The EV scheme is implemented in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Theoretically this paper also draws a conclusion in IFM feasibility by analyzing the wave functions of photon at various locations in the interferometer.