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Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

One-dimensional partially asymmetric simple exclusion process with open boundaries: orthogonal polynomials approach

Tomohiro Sasamoto

Published Sep 28, 1999• 171 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The stationary state of the partially asymmetric simple exclusion process with open boundaries is reconsidered. The so-called matrix product ansatz is employed. This enables us to construct the stationary state in the form of the product of the matrices D and E . Noticing the fact that the matrix C ( = D + E ) for the model is related to certain q -orthogonal polynomials, the model is analysed for a wide range of parameters. The current and the correlation length are evaluated in the thermodynamic limit. It turns out that the phase diagram for the correlation length is richer than that for the totally asymmetric case.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/32/41/306

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The stationary state of the partially asymmetric simple exclusion process with open boundaries is reconsidered. The so-called matrix product ansatz is employed. This enables us to construct the stationary state in the form of the product of the matrices D and E . Noticing the fact that the matrix C ( = D + E ) for the model is related to certain q -orthogonal polynomials, the model is analysed for a wide range of parameters. The current and the correlation length are evaluated in the thermodynamic limit. It turns out that the phase diagram for the correlation length is richer than that for the totally asymmetric case.
The exact stationary state of an asymmetric exclusion process with fully parallel dynamics is obtained using the matrix product ansatz. We give a simple derivation for the deterministic case by a physical interpretation of the dimension of the matrices. We prove the stationarity via a cancellation mechanism, and by making use of an explicit representation of the matrix algebra we easily find closed expressions for the correlation functions in the general probabilistic case. Asymptotic expressions, obtained by making use of earlier results, allow us to derive the exact phase diagram.
We study a two-species partially asymmetric exclusion process where the left boundary is permeable for the "slower" species but the right boundary is not. We find a matrix product solution for the stationary state and the exact stationary phase diagram for the densities and currents. By calculating the density of each species at the boundaries, we find further structure in the stationary phases. In particular, we find that the slower species can reach and accumulate at the far boundary, even in phases where the bulk density of these particles approaches zero.
In recent years, one-dimensional driven diffusion models consisting of particles on a lattice have been studied. The most famous topics of these models are solvability and phase transitions. For example, the exact stationary-state solution of the asymmetric exclusion process (ASEP) with an open boundary condition can be obtained as a matrix product form and its physical quantities exhibit boundary-induced phase transitions in the thermodynamic limit. There are three regimes, namely, maximal-current (MC) phase, low-density (LD) phase and high-density (HD) phase in the phase diagram. The two-species models or three-state models are also interesting. The stationary-state solutions of the two-species totally asymmetric exclusion process (TASEP) with a periodic boundary condition and an open boundary condition can be obtained as matrix product forms. The model in ref. 6 exhibits two phases in which symmetry breaks spontaneously. Furthermore, the model in ref. 7 exhibits phase separation. In this note, the two-species TASEP with a new open boundary condition different from the condition in ref. 6 is introduced and we obtain the stationary-state solution exactly as a matrix product form and calculate the physical quantities in the thermodynamic limit. Let us consider a stochastic process on an L-site chain with two-species particles. We note j 1⁄4 0 if site j is empty, j 1⁄4 1 if site j is occupied by the first-class particle and j 1⁄4 2 if site j is occupied by the second-class particle. The exchange rule in the bulk of the chain is expressed as 10 ! 01 with a rate 1; ð1Þ 20 ! 02 with a rate 1; ð2Þ 12 ! 21 with a rate 1: ð3Þ