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Applied Optics

Recording of 6000 holograms by use of spectral hole burning

Eric S. Maniloff, Stefan B. Altner, Stefan Bernet, Felix R. Graf, Alois Renn, Urs P. Wild

Published Jul 10, 1995• 30 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Experiments verifying a new method of storing spectral hole-burning holograms, which yields reduced cross talk as compared with standard spectral hole-burning holograms, have been conducted. Results demonstrating the reduced width of this type of hologram in both frequency and the applied electric-field dimension are presented. Analytic solutions for the spectral width and diffraction efficiency of these holograms are presented. Using this exposure technique, we have recorded 6000 holograms in a single spectral hole-burning sample.

DOI
10.1364/ao.34.004140

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Applied Optics•Aug 1, 1995•13 citations
Experiments verifying a new method of storing spectral hole-burning holograms, which yields reduced cross talk as compared with standard spectral hole-burning holograms, have been conducted. Results demonstrating the reduced width of this type of hologram in both frequency and the applied electric-field dimension are presented. Analytic solutions for the spectral width and diffraction efficiency of these holograms are presented. Using this exposure technique, we have recorded 6000 holograms in a single spectral hole-burning sample.
By use of a novel recording technique, 2000 high-resolution image holograms were recorded in a single spectral hole-burning sample at different frequencies and at different values of an applied electric field. We recorded each hologram by sweeping the frequency of a cw laser over a narrow interval while simultaneously changing the hologram phase by 2π. This swept recording technique produces holograms that have increased diffraction efficiency and that exhibit reduced cross talk with respect to conventional frequency-multiplexed holograms.
The properties of holographic recording and detection of spectral holes in the frequency and electric-field dimension are investigated. To optimize the storage properties of optical memory devices, based on spectral hole burning and holography, cross-talk effects between adjacent holograms have to be minimized. These interactions depend on the relative phases of the holograms chosen during the recording stage. Using free-base chlorin (2,3-dihydroporphyrin) in polyvinyl butyral as host at a temperature of 1.7 K, the influence of the relative phase difference between holograms is demonstrated in both the frequency and the electric-field dimension. Experimental results are presented for rows and columns of holograms stored either in the laser frequency or the electric-field dimension and compared to transmission data. Using both dimensions a 10 x 10 matrix of holograms has been stored within the range of a single wave number.
Persistent spectral hole burning (PSHB) in organic molecules doped in a polymer matrix at low temperatures allows optical recording of information in the dimensions of frequency and time, as well as in space and externally applied electric field. We use this special property to demonstrate new types of holograms, which extend conventional spatial-domain optical data storage into the new dimensions. Basic aspects of recording and playback of holograms by persistent spectral hole burning, including relation between frequency- and time-domain response function, is discussed. This paper is elucidating inherent relations between the time- and frequency-domain versions of PSHB holography. We show that by multiplexing holograms in the frequency dimension, we can store a large number (up to 12 000) of image holograms using a single spectral hole burning sample. In the time domain, we show storage and reproduction of ultrashort time-space images on the scale of 10 -12 −10 -13 s. Experiments demonstrating unusual hologram properties, such as causality-related asymmetry of diffraction, inversion of time coordinate, and ultrafast processing, are presented.
Thin holograms with novel diffraction properties were created in spectral hole-burning materials. Simultaneously sweeping the frequency of the recording light and the phase of the holograms results in an asymmetric distribution of diffraction efficiency between positive and negative orders. Experiments were performed that demonstrate amplified or attenuated diffraction efficiency with respect to holograms recorded at a single frequency. The observed diffraction is well described by a simple model in which small grating amplitudes and weak burning are assumed.
A new hologram type in spectral hole-burning systems is presented. During exposure, the frequency of narrow-band laser light is swept over a spectral range that corresponds to a few homogeneous linewidths of the spectrally selective recording material. Simultaneously the phase of the hologram is adjusted as a function of frequency-the phase sweep function. Because of the phase-reconstructing properties of holography, this recording technique programs the sample as a spectral amplitude and phase filter. We call this hologram type frequency and phase swept (FPS) holograms. Their properties and applications are summarized, and a straightforward theory is presented that describes all the diffraction phenomena observed to date. Thin FPS holograms show strongly asymmetric diffraction into conjugated diffraction orders, which is an unusual behavior for thin transmission holograms. Investigations demonstrate the advantages of FPS holograms with respect to conventional cw recording techniques in freq ncymultiplexed data storage. By choosing appropriate phase sweep functions, various features of holographic data storage can be optimized. Examples for cross-talk reduction, highest diffraction efficiency, and maximal readout stability are demonstrated. The properties of these FPS hologram types are deduced from theoretical considerations and confirmed by experiments.