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International Journal of Quantum Information

QUANTUM SECRET SHARING IN DRIVEN CAVITY QED

Chuan-Jia Shan, Zhong‐Xiao Man, Yun‐Jie Xia, Tang-Kun Liu

Published May 30, 2007• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a protocol for implementing quantum secret sharing via EPR states in driven cavity QED. Both of the two receivers can read out the sender's secret if they cooperate. The protocol does not require the joint Bell-state measurement needed in the previous schemes. In the protocol the cavity is only virtually excited and thus the requirement on the quality factor of the cavity is greatly loosened.

DOI
10.1142/s0219749907002876

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We propose a protocol for implementing quantum secret sharing via EPR states in driven cavity QED. Both of the two receivers can read out the sender's secret if they cooperate. The protocol does not require the joint Bell-state measurement needed in the previous schemes. In the protocol the cavity is only virtually excited and thus the requirement on the quality factor of the cavity is greatly loosened.
An experimentally feasible new scheme for quantum secure direct communication is proposed in cavity quantum electrodynamics without apparent joint Bell-state measurement. The legitimate user can receive different secret messages in a direct way through Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) pairs, the probability of the success in our scheme is unity. In the communication processes, the interactions between atoms and a single-mode non-resonant cavity with the assistance of a strong classical driving field substitute the joint measurements. Hence, this scheme needs only separate measurements. In addition, the scheme is insensitive to the cavity decay and the thermal field. The discussion of the scheme indicates that it can be realized based on current technologies.
We present a proposal of the quantum secret encryption, transmission, and decryption implementation for quantum secret-sharing protocol using cavity QED. In the proposed scheme, the information is stored in two identical two-level atoms, and the two-qubit logic transformation is realized through the interaction between atoms and a nonresonant cavity mode. The proposed scheme requires no ancilla states to assist the intermediate atomic transitions and conditional quantum dynamics for quantum phase flip and quantum state diffusion. The encryption and decryption of quantum states are mostly governed by the Hamiltonian of an atom-cavity system. Moreover, secret transmission using quasi-swap gates for entanglement swapping has also been presented. With fewer supplements of external fields, a speed quantum protocol can be realized without universal gates.
A theoretical scheme of bidirectional quantum secure direct communication is proposed in the context of driven cavity QED. We first present an entanglement swapping scheme in cavities where two atoms without previous interaction can be entangled with a success probability of unity. Then, based on a novel property of entanglement swapping, we propose a bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol, in which two legitimate users can exchange their different secret messages simultaneously in a direct way. The probability of success in our scheme is 1.0. This scheme does not involve apparent (or direct) Bell-state measurements and is insensitive to the cavity decay and the thermal field.