Recently, the author put forward a theory of the motion of photons in physical space, which provides a new approach to problems of photon-counting statistics. Here that theory is briefly reviewed, and a proof of its Lorentz covariance is given.
In this review we present the problem of time in quantum physics, including a short history of the problem and the known objections about considering time as a quantum observable. The need to deal with time as an observable is elaborated through some unresolved problems. The lack of a consistent theory of time is currently hindering the formulation of a full-fledged theory of quantum gravity. It is argued that the proposal set forth by several authors of considering an intrinsic measurement of quantum time, besides having the conventional external time, is compelling. Recently several suggestions have been put forward to revive the proposal of Page and Wootters (1983), elaborating and resolving some of the main ambiguities of the original proposal and opening new scope for understanding its content. The approach followed in these new contributions exposes the need to go beyond the limitations enforced by the conventional approach of quantum physics. The attitude of covariant loop quantum gravity, in which it is called to completely ignore time, is also discussed. This review could be a step forward in an endeavour to reform our outlook of the unification of the theory of relativity and quantum physics by furnishing the conceptual ground needed for this goal. Intentionally, some technical details are avoided since we aim to present the approaches to resolve the problem in a simple way with the clearest possible outlook. These can be looked up in the original references provided.
We present Lorentz covariant models of the radiation field, i.e., plane wave solutions of the Maxwell equations satisfying the Coulomb gauge condition. The theory is constructed along traditional lines. We apply the interpretation of the field as a collection of photons and starts by constructing the state space of the photon. The novelty of this formulation is the use of a new action of the Lorentz group on the space of circular helicities of spin 1 which permits the construction of an action on the state space of the photon. Moreover, the generators of the action provide objects that can be used to construct the field observables both in the classical and quantum case. The result is a theory with a tight structure. It is a generalization of the standard theory, a covariant generalization, and it contains this as a special case.