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Chinese Physics

The quantum features of the photon statistics in a semiconductor microcavity

Wei Wei

Published Oct 24, 2006• 3 citations

Abstract

The quantum features of the temporal photon statistics of an exciton–cavity coupled system in a quantum-well semiconductor microcavity are investigated analytically. Under the secular approximation, if the nonlinear interactions, i.e. the exciton–exciton coupling and the phase-space filling, are much weaker than the exciton–photon interaction, the evolution of the Fano factor shows that the distribution of the photon numbers exhibits the feature of collapses–revivals (CRs), and the relevant revival time may be adjusted by several factors such as the total particle number, the detuning, and the nonlinear coupling strengths, etc. Especially, the ideal maximum antibunching with the minimum value 0 of the Fano factor occurs periodically for such a situation, with the dissipation of exciton–polariton being ignored.

DOI: 10.1088/1009-1963/15/11/024

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The quantum features of the temporal photon statistics of an exciton–cavity coupled system in a quantum-well semiconductor microcavity are investigated analytically. Under the secular approximation, if the nonlinear interactions, i.e. the exciton–exciton coupling and the phase-space filling, are much weaker than the exciton–photon interaction, the evolution of the Fano factor shows that the distribution of the photon numbers exhibits the feature of collapses–revivals (CRs), and the relevant revival time may be adjusted by several factors such as the total particle number, the detuning, and the nonlinear coupling strengths, etc. Especially, the ideal maximum antibunching with the minimum value 0 of the Fano factor occurs periodically for such a situation, with the dissipation of exciton–polariton being ignored.

We investigate exciton emission of a quantum well embedded in a semiconductor microcavity. The analytical expressions of the light intensity for the cases of the excitonic number state and the coherent state are presented by using secular approximation. Our results show that the effective exciton-exciton interaction leads to the appearance of collapse and revival of the light intensity. The revival time is twice compared the coherent state case with that of the number state. The dissipation of the exciton-polariton lowers the revival amplitude but does not alter the revival time. The influences of the detuning and the phase-space filling are studied. We find that the effect of higher-order exciton-photon interaction can be removed by adjusting the detuning.

The exciton–photon effects on a microcavity are reported. In particular, the emission spectrum of a semiconductor quantum well embedded in a microcavity is obtained, including nonlinear effects such as exciton–exciton correlation. By solving the Heisenberg equations for the excitons and photons the polariton dispersion energy and the emission spectrum is calculated. It is shown the presence of collapses and revivals when the nonlinear interaction parameter is less than the exciton–photon coupling. For nonlinear exciton–exciton coupling values similar to exciton–photon coupling the results show that the time line shape is independent of the nonlinear term but the polariton peak position is blueshifted. Reasonable agreement is found with the experimental situation.

Abstract A quantum behavior of the light emitted by exciton polaritons excited in a pillar semiconductor microcavity with embedded quantum well is investigated. Considering the bare excitons and photon modes as coupled quantum oscillators allows for an accurate accounting of the nonlinear and dissipative effects. In particular, using the method of quantum states presentation in a quantum phase space via quasiprobability functions (namely, a P-function and a Wigner function), we study the effect of the laser and the exciton-photon detuning on the second order correlation function of the emitted photons. We determine the conditions for the phenomena of bunching, giant bunching, and antibunching of the emitted light. In particular, we predict the effect of a giant bunching for the case of a large exciton to photon population ratio. Within the domain of parameters supporting a bistability regime we demonstrate the effect of bunching of photons.