The structure of quantum fluids

Vu B Ho

In our previous works, we suggest that quantum particles are composite physical objects endowed with the geometric and topological structures of their corresponding differentiable manifolds that would allow them to imitate and adapt to physical environments. In this work, we show that Dirac equation in fact describes quantum particles as composite structures that are in a fluid state in which the components of the wavefunction can be identified with the stream function and the velocity potential of a potential flow formulated in the theory of classical fluids. We also show that Dirac quantum particles can manifest as standing waves which are the result of the superposition of two fluid flows moving in opposite directions. However, for a steady motion a Dirac quantum particle does not exhibit a wave motion even though it has the potential to establish a wave within its physical structure, therefore, without an external disturbance a Dirac quantum particle may be considered as a classical particle defined in classical physics. And furthermore, from the fact that there are two identical fluid flows in opposite directions within their physical structures, the fluid state model of Dirac quantum particles can be used to explain why fermions are spin-half particles.

Alberto Bramati, Michele Modugno

F. D. M. Haldane

A universal description of the low-energy properties of one-dimensional quantum fluids, based on a harmonic theory of long-wavelength density fluctuations with use of renormalized parameters, is outlined. The structure of long-distance correlations of a spinless fluid is obtained, showing the essential similarity of one-dimensional Bose and Fermi fluids. The results are illustrated by application to the one-dimensional Bose fluid with $\ensuremath{\delta}$-function interaction.

亮五 久保, 文彦 高野

Franz Mohling, Indira Ramarao, Dion W. J. Shea

A simplified derivation of the master-graph formulation of the quantum-statistical theory of an interacting quantum fluid is presented. A complete analysis of the self-energy structures arising from both particle statistics and particle interactions simplifies the master-graph expressions for the thermodynamic properties of the fluid. The $x$-ensemble formulation of Lee and Yang is used to treat the degenerate Bose fluid below its Bose-Einstein condensation temperature. The results for a Bose fluid above its Bose-Einstein condensation temperature and for a Fermi fluid are obtained as special cases.