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Spontaneous emission of a three-level atom in a coherent photonic band gap reservoir

Jing-Nuo Wu, Tzong‐Jer Yang, Szu-Cheng Cheng, Wen–Feng Hsieh

Published Aug 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The optical spectra of a three-level atom embedded in a photonic crystal is studied by considering the coherent two-band photonic reservoir. We find that the spectrum is shifting with respect to the atomic position.
DOI
10.1109/cleopr.2009.5292513

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[[abstract]]We study the spontaneous emission (SE) spectra of a three-level A-type atom in photonic crystals. The air-band, the dielectric-band and the free-space vacuum reservoirs coupled with the atom are considered. With the consideration of the phase difference between the air-band and the dielectric-band fields, two band reservoirs become coherent and can interfere with each other. This interference effect depends on the embedded position of the atom and the band-gap width and can affect the SE spectrum. The effect of this interference on the SE spectrum is shown.
The spontaneous emission of a three-level A-typed atom embedded in anisotropic photonic crystals with two coherent bands is investigated. The relative position of the atom is described by a position-dependent parameter θ( r 0 ), in regard as the coherence of the two bands. The spectrum of the transition in free space vacuum is discussed. The spectral center can be manipulated by the coherent parameter θ( r 0 ), and the spectral intensity can be adjusted via the atomic transition in the coherent photonic reservoir.
The two models of three-level (one upper level and two lower levels, or two upper levels and one lower level) atom embedded in a double-band photonic crystal are adopted. The atomic transitions from the upper levels to the lower levels are assumed to be coupled by the same reservoir which are respectively the isotropic photonic band gap (PBG) modes, the anisotropic PBG modes and the free vacuum modes. The effects of the fine structure of the atomic ground state levels in the model with one upper level and two lower levels and the quantum interferences in the model with two upper levels and one lower level on the spontaneous emission spectrum of an atom are investigated in detail. Most interestingly, it is shown that new spontaneous emission lines are produced from the fine splitting of atomic ground state levels in the isotropic PBG case. The quantum interferences induce additional narrow spontaneous lines near the transition from the empty upper level to the lower level.
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The coherent control of the spontaneous emission spectrum of a driven atom located within photonic crystals with two atomic position-dependent bands is investigated. The driving laser field splits the excited atomic level into a doublet that is further dressed by two bands bonded together with the atomic position in the crystal unit cell. The spontaneous emission spectrum of the atomic transition in free space is discussed. We find that frequency shift and the intensity of the spectrum can be perfectly manipulated by variation of the atomic position and detuning of the laser field. The result perhaps offers us an interesting route towards tunable photonic devices.