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Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei

On the Heisenberg model in the paramagnetic region and at the critical point

Franz Wegner

Published Oct 1, 1968• 61 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf01390873

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We have carried out extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the dynamic critical behavior of L\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}L\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}L simple-cubic classical Heisenberg models with periodic boundary conditions. The equilibrium relaxation time \ensuremath{\tau} is determined from the long-time exponential decay of the time-displaced correlation function of the magnetization. Using finite-size scaling and corrections to scaling we find that at the critical point ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$=(0.6929${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, \ensuremath{\tau} grows like \ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\simeq}${\mathit{L}}^{\mathit{z}}$ with z=1.96(6). In the paramagnetic region we show that the relaxation time is represented by a universal scaling function \ensuremath{\tau}${\mathit{L}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{z}}$ vs (T/${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$-1)${\mathit{L}}^{1/\ensuremath{\nu}}$ with z=1.96(6). This estimate is consistent with theoretical predictions and results of experimental studies concerning the dynamical critical behavior of Heisenberg magnets perturbed by order-parameter nonconserving dipolar interactions. We also describe how a simple over-relaxation algorithm of Creutz and of Brown and Woch can be incorporated into the Metropolis sampling method for the classical Heisenberg model, thereby significantly reducing the critical slowing down; the resultant correlation time varies as \ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\sim}(T/${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$-1${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}0.77}$, which implies z\ensuremath{\simeq}1.10.

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Employing Monte Carlo simulations, the equilibrium dynamic critical behavior or L×L×L simple cubic classical Heisenberg models with periodic boundary conditions are determined. From the long-time exponential decay of the time-displaced correlation function of the magnetization the linear (equilibrium) relaxation time τ is also determined. It is found that at the critical point Tc, τ grows like τ≂Lz with z=1.94±0.06. In the paramagnetic region a power-law divergence τ≂(T/Tc−1)−Δ was found with Δ=zν=1.38±0.04, which implies a dynamical critical exponent z=1.96±0.07. Both values are consistent with theoretical predictions and results of experimental studies concerning the dynamical critical behavior of Heisenberg magnets perturbed by order-parameter nonconserving forces.
We have carried out extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the dynamic critical behavior of L\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}L\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}L simple-cubic classical Heisenberg models with periodic boundary conditions. The equilibrium relaxation time \ensuremath{\tau} is determined from the long-time exponential decay of the time-displaced correlation function of the magnetization. Using finite-size scaling and corrections to scaling we find that at the critical point Tc{\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}Tc​=(0.6929${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, \ensuremath{\tau} grows like \ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\simeq}Lz{\mathit{L}}^{\mathit{z}}Lz with z=1.96(6). In the paramagnetic region we show that the relaxation time is represented by a universal scaling function \ensuremath{\tau}${\mathit{L}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{z}}$ vs (T/Tc{\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}Tc​-1)${\mathit{L}}^{1/\ensuremath{\nu}}$ with z=1.96(6). This estimate is consistent with theoretical predictions and results of experimental studies concerning the dynamical critical behavior of Heisenberg magnets perturbed by order-parameter nonconserving dipolar interactions. We also describe how a simple over-relaxation algorithm of Creutz and of Brown and Woch can be incorporated into the Metropolis sampling method for the classical Heisenberg model, thereby significantly reducing the critical slowing down; the resultant correlation time varies as \ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\sim}(T/Tc{\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}Tc​-1${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}0.77}$, which implies z\ensuremath{\simeq}1.10.