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Applied Physics Letters

Optical bistability in two-dimensional nonlinear optical superlattice with two incident waves

Xiangfei Chen, Yalin Lu, Zhenlin Wang, Nai-Ben Ming

Published Dec 11, 1995• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

With two coherent waves incident to a two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear optical superlattice containing Kerr form dielectric nonlinearity, the optical bistability related to transition between a forbidden transmission state and an allowed transmission state can occur through the index-modulation mechanism. This kind of bistability is difficult to obtain in the case of only one incident wave. The power cost for the bistability might be very low.

DOI
10.1063/1.114913

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Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics•Mar 9, 2021•1 citation
With two coherent waves incident to a two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear optical superlattice containing Kerr form dielectric nonlinearity, the optical bistability related to transition between a forbidden transmission state and an allowed transmission state can occur through the index-modulation mechanism. This kind of bistability is difficult to obtain in the case of only one incident wave. The power cost for the bistability might be very low.
It is shown that, when two coherent waves are obliquely incident to a one-dimensional nonlinear optical superlattice containing Kerr-form dielectric nonlinearity, an incident-dependent two-dimensional nonlinear optical superlattice can be constructed. This structure can be bistable. There exist two types of optical bistable mechanism, i.e., the index-modulation mechanism and distributed feedback mechanism. Owing to the index-modulation mechanism, the threshold for the bistability is lower than that of a more traditional one-dimensional distributed feedback structure.
We present an analysis of the steady state optical response of two-dimensional optical superlattices with Kerr nonlinearity. We consider the effects of the modification of the refractive index modulation strengths in the superlattices and the angular deviation of incoming radiation from Bragg conditions. We find that under Bragg incidence the system displays optical bistability only when the modulation ratio exceeds a certain threshold. We also predict that optical bistability can disappear under non-Bragg incidence. Physical considerations are presented and discussed on how to optimize the chances for observing optical bistability in such a superlattice.
Optical bistability in a two-dimensional nonlinear superlattice, resulting from the index-modulation mechanism, was observed in experiment for the first time. The two-dimensional nonlinear superlattice was constructed by recording a two-dimensional refractive index grating into a photorefractive material, a Fe-doped LiNbO3{\mathrm{LiNbO}}_{3}LiNbO3​ single crystal. Optical instability was also observed in this experiment.
Both static and dynamic characteristics of light reflected from a specially designed multilayer metal-dielectric structure with Kerr nonlinearity have been studied in this work. Various regimes of nonlinear reflection from the structure have been demonstrated, including bistable switching between low and high reflection states, which occurs at low intensity of the incident light due to a significant enhancement in the optical field in the nonlinear layer under conditions of total internal reflection. This nonlinear structure has been proposed to use as an optically controlled intracavity laser modulator.