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Physical Review A

Dynamic algebraic approach to the system of a three-level atom in the Λ configuration

Jing‐Bo Xu, Xu‐Bo Zou

Published Dec 1, 1999• 57 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The system of a three-level atom coupled to two quantized field modes with arbitrary detuning and density-dependent multiphoton interaction is studied by a dynamical algebraic method. We find an alternative su(3) dynamical algebraic structure within the system. Based on this su(3) structure, we diagonalize the Hamiltonian by making use of unitary transformations and obtain the eigenvalues, eigenstates, and time evolution operator for the system. The effective two-level Hamiltonian is also derived by unitary transformation. Finally the system governed by the Milburn equation is discussed and the exact solution of the Milburn equation presented.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.60.4743

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The system of a three-level atom coupled to two quantized field modes with arbitrary detuning and density-dependent multiphoton interaction is studied by a dynamical algebraic method. We find an alternative su(3) dynamical algebraic structure within the system. Based on this su(3) structure, we diagonalize the Hamiltonian by making use of unitary transformations and obtain the eigenvalues, eigenstates, and time evolution operator for the system. The effective two-level Hamiltonian is also derived by unitary transformation. Finally the system governed by the Milburn equation is discussed and the exact solution of the Milburn equation presented.
The system of a three-level atom in the Ξ configuration coupled to two quantized field modes with arbitrary detuning and density-dependent multiphoton interaction is studied by dynamical algebraic method. With the help of an su(3) algebraic structure, we diagonalize the Hamiltonian by making use of unitary transformations and obtain the eigenvalues, eigenstates and time evolution operator for the system. Based on this su(3) structure, we also show that the system of a three-level atom in the Ξ configuration can be exactly transformed to an effective two-level Hamiltonian by an unitary transformation. Finally, we show that there exist an su (N) algebraic structure in the system of a N-level atom interacting with N-1 field modes.
The modified Jaynes-Cummings model of a single two-level atom placed in the common domain of two cavities or interacting with two quantized modes is studied by a dynamical algebraic method. With the help of an SU(2) algebraic structure, we then obtain the eigenvalues, eigenstates, time evolution operator and atomic inversion operator for the system. We managed to investigate the modified Jaynes-Cummings model governed by the Milburn equation and present the exact solution of the Milburn equation. PACS: 42. 50. -p, 32. 80. -t, 02. 20. -a, 03. 65. Fd
With the help of an SU(3) dynamical algebraic structure, we find an exact solution of the Milburn equation for the system of a three-level atom in the Ξ configuration interacting with one quantized field mode with arbitrary detuning. The exact solution is then used to discuss the influence of the intrinsic decoherence on the nonclassical properties of the system, such as collapes and revivals of the atomic populations, oscillations of the photon number distribution, and squeezing of the radiation field.
It is shown that a three-level atom in the \ensuremath{\Lambda} configuration with arbitrary detunings can be exactly reduced to a two-level system with an effective Raman coupling, which depends nonlinearly on the intensity of the two radiation fields. This is done by exactly evaluating the unitary transformation introduced by Alexanian and Bose [Phys. Rev. A 52, 2218 (1995)] for a three-level atom coupled to two modes of the radiation field. We obtain an exact transformed Hamiltonian in which one of the three levels is decoupled for all values of the detunings. In particular, our result is then valid for any ratios of the coupling constants to detunings, even for zero detuning, in contrast to earlier work which requires that these ratios be small. We find the the eigenvalues of the exact transformed Hamiltonian and study its population dynamics. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
With the help of an SU(3) dynamicalalgebraic structure, we ~nd an exact solutionof the Milburn equationfor the system of a three-levelatom in the [1] configuration interacting with one quantized field mode with arbitrary detuning ,The exact solution is then used to discuss the influence of the intrinsic decoherence on the nonclassical properties of the system,such as collapes and revivals of the atomic populations,oscillations of the photon number distribution,and squeezing of the radiation field.
An unified approach to the dynamics of a class encompassing several widely encountered models of a two-level and of a three-level atom interacting with a quantized electromagnetic field is developed. The approach is based on separating the dependence of the dynamics on the field and the atomic operators by expressing the unitary evolution operator in the basis of the atomic operators. The evolution operator then resembles the one for the atoms in an externally applied classical field. The exactly solvable examples of the deterministic, as well as fluctuating, time-dependence of the atom-field coupling are discussed. The issue of an effective two-level description for a three-level system is also analysed. The proposed method not only provides an unified approach to the models belonging to the class considered but is found to uncover several new results even for simple widely studied models.