Physical Review Letters

Temperature effects in nonequilibrium phonon decay

Xiaojun Wang, William M. Dennis, William M. Yen

Published Nov 1, 1991• 8 citations

Abstract

We have investigated the spectral and temporal dynamics associated with the interaction between monochromatic and thermal phonon distributions in YAG:${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$. Using defect-induced one-phonon absorption to generate a monochromatic phonon distribution at 43.3 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, we measure a ${\mathit{T}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$ dependence of the monochromatic phonon lifetime in the temperature range 9 to 25 K. We observe the evolution of additional broadband phonon distributions which do not occur at low temperatures.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.2807

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Spectral and Temporal Dynamics of Nonequilibrium Phonons in YAG:Pr3+

Xiaojun Wang, William M. Dennis

We have investigated the spectral and temporal dynamics associated with phonon decay in the YAG:Pr3+ system at a range of temperature between 9 and 25 K. Nonequilibrium phonons were generated using defect induced one phonon absorption (DIOPA) of far infrared (FIR) radiation1. Phonon detection was achieved optically using a variation of absorption vibronic sideband phonon spectroscopy2.

Spectral Hole-Burning and Related Spectroscopies: Science and ApplicationsJan 1, 19910 citations

Dynamics of monochromatically generated nonequilibrium phonons in LaF3 : Pr3+

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Dynamics of monochromatic nonequilibrium phonons generated by defect-induced one-phonon absorption

W. A. Tolbert, William M. Dennis, William M. Yen

Annual Meeting Optical Society of AmericaJan 1, 19900 citations

Dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation frequency and temperature in Er3+:YAG crystals

Yoshinobu Maeda, Masatoshi Migitaka

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Optical dephasing by nonequilibrium phonons in LaF3

Richard S. Meltzer, R. M. Macfarlane

Physical review. B, Condensed matterJul 15, 198517 citations

Physical Review Letters

Temperature effects in nonequilibrium phonon decay

Xiaojun Wang, William M. Dennis, William M. Yen

Published Nov 1, 1991• 8 citations

Publisher

Abstract

We have investigated the spectral and temporal dynamics associated with the interaction between monochromatic and thermal phonon distributions in YAG:

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

. Using defect-induced one-phonon absorption to generate a monochromatic phonon distribution at 43.3

{\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}

, we measure a

{\mathit{T}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}

dependence of the monochromatic phonon lifetime in the temperature range 9 to 25 K. We observe the evolution of additional broadband phonon distributions which do not occur at low temperatures.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.2807

Related papers

Spectral and Temporal Dynamics of Nonequilibrium Phonons in YAG:Pr3+

Xiaojun Wang, William M. Dennis

Spectral Hole-Burning and Related Spectroscopies: Science and ApplicationsJan 1, 19910 citations

Dynamics of monochromatically generated nonequilibrium phonons in LaF3 : Pr3+

W. A. Tolbert, William M. Dennis, William M. Yen

The temporal evolution of nonequilibrium phonon populations in ${\mathrm{LaF}}_{3}$ : ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ is investigated at low temperatures (1.8 K) utilizing pulsed, tunable, monochromatic generation and time-resolved, tunable, narrow-band detection. High occupation number, narrow-band phonon populations are generated via far-infrared pumping of defect-induced one-phonon absorption. Time-resolved, frequency-selective detection is provided by optical sideband absorption. Nonequilibrium phonon decay times are measured and attributed to anharmonic decay.The temporal evolution of nonequilibrium phonon populations in ${\mathrm{LaF}}_{3}$:${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ is investigated at low temperatures (1.8 K) utilizing pulsed, tunable, monochromatic generation and time-resolved, tunable, narrow-band detection. High occupation number, narrow-band phonon populations are generated via far-infrared pumping of defect-induced one-phonon absorption. Time-resolved, frequency-selective detection is provided by optical sideband absorption. Nonequilibrium phonon decay times are measured and attributed to anharmonic decay.

Physical Review LettersJul 30, 199031 citations

Spectral and temporal dynamics of nonequilibrium phonons in LaF3 : Pr3+

W. A. Tolbert, William M. Dennis, William M. Yen

Defect-induced one-phonon absorption is used to generate high-occupation-number narrow-band nonequilibrium phonon populations at a range of frequencies in ${\mathrm{LaF}}_{3}$ : ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ . The spectral and temporal dynamics associated with the return to equilibrium of these phonons is observed. Processes that dominate the spectral evolution are shown to be narrow-band phonon confluence, anharmonic decay, and the broadband confluence of anharmonic decay products. The experimental data are shown to be in good agreement with a phonon-occupation-number rate-equation analysis that incudes the above processes.Defect-induced one-phonon absorption is used to generate high-occupation-number narrow-band nonequilibrium phonon populations at a range of frequencies in ${\mathrm{LaF}}_{3}$:${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$. The spectral and temporal dynamics associated with the return to equilibrium of these phonons is observed. Processes that dominate the spectral evolution are shown to be narrow-band phonon confluence, anharmonic decay, and the broadband confluence of anharmonic decay products. The experimental data are shown to be in good agreement with a phonon-occupation-number rate-equation analysis that incudes the above processes.

Physical review. B, Condensed matterAug 1, 199111 citations

Dynamics of monochromatic nonequilibrium phonons generated by defect-induced one-phonon absorption

W. A. Tolbert, William M. Dennis, William M. Yen

Defect-induced one-phonon absorption1 of far-infrared radiation is used to generate monochromatic nonequilibrium phonon populations in LaF3:Pr3+ at a range of frequencies throughout the acoustic band. The pump source for this generation mechanism is a transversely excited atmospheric-pressure CO2-laser-pumped superradiant cell. Phonon occupation numbers of order 10 are generated. Phonons are optically detected in a time-resolved frequency-selective manner by using the anti-Stokes absorption sideband of the 3P0 state of Pr3+. The lifetime of these phonons is determined and is found to obey the ω-5 dependence as predicted by the isotropic dispersionless model for anharmonic decay of acoustic phonons.2 The spectral dynamics associated with the decay of these phonons is also investigated and is compared with a rate-equation analysis that includes backfeeding of the decay products. The production of double-frequency phonons by a three-phonon confluence process is also demonstrated.Defect-induced one-phonon absorption1 of far-infrared radiation is used to generate monochromatic nonequilibrium phonon populations in LaF3:Pr3+ at a range of frequencies throughout the acoustic band. The pump source for this generation mechanism is a transversely excited atmospheric-pressure CO2-laser-pumped superradiant cell. Phonon occupation numbers of order 10 are generated. Phonons are optically detected in a time-resolved frequency-selective manner by using the anti-Stokes absorption sideband of the 3P0 state of Pr3+. The lifetime of these phonons is determined and is found to obey the ω-5 dependence as predicted by the isotropic dispersionless model for anharmonic decay of acoustic phonons.2 The spectral dynamics associated with the decay of these phonons is also investigated and is compared with a rate-equation analysis that includes backfeeding of the decay products. The production of double-frequency phonons by a three-phonon confluence process is also demonstrated.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of AmericaJan 1, 19900 citations

Dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation frequency and temperature in Er3+:YAG crystals

Yoshinobu Maeda, Masatoshi Migitaka

Dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation frequency and sample temperature was investigated in an erbium yttrium aluminum garnet crystal. The phase of transmitted laser was opposite to that of the incident laser at modulation frequencies lower than 1 MHz. However, the transmitted laser waveform was asymmetrical above 5 MHz and the time-dependence characteristics agreed with the lifetime of the 4S3/2 level in Er3+. At temperatures lower than 25 K, enhanced absorption was weakened because the number of phonons decreased due to low temperature. It is suggested that the negative nonlinear absorption effect occurred due to enhanced absorption in three excited states. © 1998 Scripta Technica. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 80(6): 43–48, 1997Dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation frequency and sample temperature was investigated in an erbium yttrium aluminum garnet crystal. The phase of transmitted laser was opposite to that of the incident laser at modulation frequencies lower than 1 MHz. However, the transmitted laser waveform was asymmetrical above 5 MHz and the time-dependence characteristics agreed with the lifetime of the 4S3/2 level in Er3+. At temperatures lower than 25 K, enhanced absorption was weakened because the number of phonons decreased due to low temperature. It is suggested that the negative nonlinear absorption effect occurred due to enhanced absorption in three excited states. © 1998 Scripta Technica. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 80(6): 43–48, 1997

Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part II Electronics)Jun 1, 19970 citations

Optical dephasing by nonequilibrium phonons in LaF3

Richard S. Meltzer, R. M. Macfarlane

Phonon-induced coherence loss (PICL) is produced by a monoenergetic nonequilibrium distribution of phonons in ${\mathrm{LaF}}_{3}$ : ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ . The phonons are generated by relaxation between excited states of the ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ ion after selective excitation with a pulsed, tunable dye laser. The optical dephasing is observed from the effect on the free-induction decay of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ ions whose excited-state level separation is resonant with the phonons. It is shown that PICL is a sensitive detector of monoenergetic phonons, and can be used to study phonon dynamics. The observed rate of optical dephasing is reduced relative to an equivalent occupation of 23-${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ phonons produced thermally.Phonon-induced coherence loss (PICL) is produced by a monoenergetic nonequilibrium distribution of phonons in ${\mathrm{LaF}}_{3}$:${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$. The phonons are generated by relaxation between excited states of the ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ ion after selective excitation with a pulsed, tunable dye laser. The optical dephasing is observed from the effect on the free-induction decay of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ ions whose excited-state level separation is resonant with the phonons. It is shown that PICL is a sensitive detector of monoenergetic phonons, and can be used to study phonon dynamics. The observed rate of optical dephasing is reduced relative to an equivalent occupation of 23-${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ phonons produced thermally.

Physical review. B, Condensed matterJul 15, 198517 citations

We have investigated the spectral and temporal dynamics associated with the interaction between monochromatic and thermal phonon distributions in YAG:

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

. Using defect-induced one-phonon absorption to generate a monochromatic phonon distribution at 43.3

{\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}

, we measure a

{\mathit{T}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}

dependence of the monochromatic phonon lifetime in the temperature range 9 to 25 K. We observe the evolution of additional broadband phonon distributions which do not occur at low temperatures.

The temporal evolution of nonequilibrium phonon populations in

{\mathrm{LaF}}_{3}

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

is investigated at low temperatures (1.8 K) utilizing pulsed, tunable, monochromatic generation and time-resolved, tunable, narrow-band detection. High occupation number, narrow-band phonon populations are generated via far-infrared pumping of defect-induced one-phonon absorption. Time-resolved, frequency-selective detection is provided by optical sideband absorption. Nonequilibrium phonon decay times are measured and attributed to anharmonic decay.

Defect-induced one-phonon absorption is used to generate high-occupation-number narrow-band nonequilibrium phonon populations at a range of frequencies in

{\mathrm{LaF}}_{3}

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

. The spectral and temporal dynamics associated with the return to equilibrium of these phonons is observed. Processes that dominate the spectral evolution are shown to be narrow-band phonon confluence, anharmonic decay, and the broadband confluence of anharmonic decay products. The experimental data are shown to be in good agreement with a phonon-occupation-number rate-equation analysis that incudes the above processes.

Phonon-induced coherence loss (PICL) is produced by a monoenergetic nonequilibrium distribution of phonons in

{\mathrm{LaF}}_{3}

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

. The phonons are generated by relaxation between excited states of the

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

ion after selective excitation with a pulsed, tunable dye laser. The optical dephasing is observed from the effect on the free-induction decay of

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

ions whose excited-state level separation is resonant with the phonons. It is shown that PICL is a sensitive detector of monoenergetic phonons, and can be used to study phonon dynamics. The observed rate of optical dephasing is reduced relative to an equivalent occupation of 23-${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ phonons produced thermally.