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Physical Review A

Electromagnetically induced transparency in an open multilevel system

Tian Li, Mei-Ju Lu, Jonathan D. Weinstein

Published Aug 1, 2011• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Electromagnetically induced transparency in a multilevel system is investigated in ${}^{173}$Yb. The level structure investigated is ``open'' in that the light that gives rise to the transparency also resonantly couples the atoms to excited states which do not exhibit electromagnetically induced transparency. The resulting reduction of transparency is investigated experimentally and theoretically. It is found that, while the transparency is poor in certain regimes, it can be made to perform arbitrarily well in the limit of a large intensity imbalance between the optical fields.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.84.023801

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Electromagnetically induced transparency in a multilevel system is investigated in 173{}^{173}173Yb. The level structure investigated is ``open'' in that the light that gives rise to the transparency also resonantly couples the atoms to excited states which do not exhibit electromagnetically induced transparency. The resulting reduction of transparency is investigated experimentally and theoretically. It is found that, while the transparency is poor in certain regimes, it can be made to perform arbitrarily well in the limit of a large intensity imbalance between the optical fields.
The phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in 85Rb atomic vapor is studied in a -type of four-level system with the coupling laser frequency detuned from the atomic resonance frequency. We find that the EIT intensity grows weaker as the coupling laser frequency is detuned from resonance, but the relative depth of the transparency window increases. The maximum depth appears when the coupling frequency is detuned at about +180 MHz, not at the resonance frequency. We demonstrate that this is a result of the combined effect of the two excited states, and present a theoretical analysis based on the four-level system, which agrees quite well with the experimental results.
Abstract Optical Bloch equations with and without neighboring hyperfine states near the degenerate two-level system (DTLS) in the challenging case of 85Rb D2 transition that involves the Doppler broadening effect are solved herein. The calculated spectra agree well with the experimental results obtained using the coupling-probe scheme with orthogonal linear polarizations of the coupling and probe fields. The mechanisms of electromagnetically induced absorption (electromagnetically induced transparency) for the open Fg = 3 → Fe = 2 and 3 transitions (open Fg = 2 → Fe = 2 and 3 transitions) are clearly determined to be the effect of the strong closed Fg = 3 → Fe = 4 transition line (strong closed Fg = 2 → Fe = 1 transition line) based on the comparisons of the calculated absorption profiles of a DTLS without neighboring states and those of all levels with neighboring states depending on the coupling and probe power ratios. The crucial factors established based on comparisons of the calculated absorption profiles of DTLS with and without neighboring states, which enhance or reduce coherence effects and result in transformation between electromagnetically induced absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency, are the power ratios between coupling and probe beams, openness of the excited state, and effects of the neighboring states due to the Doppler broadening in a real atomic system.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has led to several quantum optics effects such as lasing without inversion or squeezed light generation. More recently quantum memories based on EIT have been experimentally implemented in different systems such as alkali metal atoms. In this system the excited state of the optical transition splits into several sublevels due to the hyperfine interaction. However, most of the theoretical models used to describe the experimental results are based on a system with only one excited state. In this article, we present a theoretical model for the type interaction of two light, fields and an atomic system with multiple excited state. In particular we show that if the control and probe fields are orthogonally circularly polarized the EIT effect in an alkali metal vapor can almost disappears. We also iden tify the reasons of this reduction and propose a method to recover the transparency via velocity selective opti cal pumping. DOI: 10.1134/S0030400X1111021X Λ Λ COHERENT EFFECTS IN OPTICAL AND ATOMIC–MOLECULAR PROCESSES
We demonstrate electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a four-level cascade-like system, where the two upper levels are Rydberg states coupled by a microwave field. A two-photon transition consisting of an off-resonant microwave field and an off-resonant optical field forms an effective coupling field to induce transparency of the probe light. We characterize the Rabi frequency of the effective coupling field, as well as the EIT microwave spectra. The results show that microwave-assisted EIT allows us to efficiently access Rydberg states with relatively high orbital angular momentum ℓ=3, which is promising for the study of exotic Rydberg molecular states.