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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Anomalous drift of resonant particles in a buffer medium under pressure of light

L. V. Il’ichev, А. И. Пархоменко

Published Sep 1, 1997• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study theoretically the drift of resonant particles in a buffer medium when a traveling light wave impinges on the medium, with allowance for the velocity dependence of the transport collision rate. When the pressure of light dominates over the light-induced drift (low pressure of the buffer gas or the drift of conduction electrons in semiconductors), we discover a new sudden transformation of the spectral dependence of the drift velocity of the resonant particles: Instead of the ordinary bell-shaped function representing the velocity spectrum we have a double-humped curve with deep dip at the center of the absorption line. We show that the largest transformation of the drift velocity spectrum occurs in the atmosphere of a heavy buffer gas in the case of Coulomb interaction between the resonant and buffer particles. The transformation effect is caused by the variation of the transport rate of the collisions of the resonant and buffer particles due to the recoil effect in the absorption of radiation.

DOI
10.1134/1.558331

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We report anomalous light-induced drift of potassium vapor in mixtures of Ne with another rare gas. The drift velocity versus laser frequency curve shows a strong deviation from the dispersion curve predicted by the standard theory of light-induced drift based on velocity-independent collision rates. The observed drift velocity versus frequency curves have three zero-crossings. For a qualitative explanation of the results, a strong collision model with velocity-dependent collision rates is used. The partial pressures that cancel normal light-induced drift also provide accurate ratios of cross section for potassium collisions with the various buffer gases. The observation of anomalous light-induced drift in a simple atomic system offers the opportunity to relate the results to potential curves. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

Physical Review A•Jun 1, 1996•19 citations
We study theoretically the drift of resonant particles in a buffer medium when a traveling light wave impinges on the medium, with allowance for the velocity dependence of the transport collision rate. When the pressure of light dominates over the light-induced drift (low pressure of the buffer gas or the drift of conduction electrons in semiconductors), we discover a new sudden transformation of the spectral dependence of the drift velocity of the resonant particles: Instead of the ordinary bell-shaped function representing the velocity spectrum we have a double-humped curve with deep dip at the center of the absorption line. We show that the largest transformation of the drift velocity spectrum occurs in the atmosphere of a heavy buffer gas in the case of Coulomb interaction between the resonant and buffer particles. The transformation effect is caused by the variation of the transport rate of the collisions of the resonant and buffer particles due to the recoil effect in the absorption of radiation.
We study theoretically how the dependences of transport collision frequencies n i , collision broadening g and collision shift D of the levels on the velocity u of resonant particles influence lightinduced diffusive pulling (pushing) (LDP) effects in the framework of a generalised model of strong collisions in the case of velocitydependent collision rates (so-called kangaroo model).It is found that allowance for the dependences n i (u), g(u) and D(u) does not change the spectral shape of an LDP signal.In particular, in the case of low-intensity radiation, the spectral dependence of the LDP signal coincides with the absorption line shape.It is shown that the magnitude of the LDP effect is proportional to the difference between the diffusion coefficients of particles in the excited and ground states.It is found that the spectral anomalies previously predicted in the LDP effect [Gel'mukhanov F.Kh. JETP Lett., 55, 214 (1992)] for an idealised model of the Lorentz gas (the limiting case of heavy buffer particles), which arise due to the dependences n i (u), g(u) and D(u), are typical only for this gas.At a realistic ratio of the masses of absorbing and buffer particles, spectral anomalies do not occur in the LDP effect.
The anomalous light-induced drift (LID) of atoms caused by a velocity dependence of collision frequencies has been investigated in the frame of the theory without adjustable parameters. Our results open the possibility of experimental probing of models of interatomic potentials. The extension of the strong-collision model to the case of velocity-dependent collision rates, is the basis of our approach. The obtained model describes the anomalous LID both in the case of arbitrary mass ratio of absorbing- and buffer-gas particles and in the case of arbitrary ratio of the homogeneous and Doppler widths. In particular, we applied our model to describe the anomalous LID in alkali - noble-gas mixtures (Rb - Kr and Li - Ne systems). Qualitatively another anomaly of the LID velocity was also found in the low-pressure region. As pointed out, the optical pumping effect and the hyperfine structure of the ground electronic state, but not the velocity dependence of the collision rates, are the sources of this new anomaly.
The spectral features of the light-induced drift (LID) velocity of caesium atoms in inert buffer gases are studied theoretically. A strong temperature dependence of the spectral LID line shape of Cs atoms in Ar or Kr atmosphere in the vicinity of T ~ 1000 K is predicted. It is shown that the anomalous LID of Cs atoms in binary buffer mixtures of two different inert gases can be observed at virtually any (including ambient) temperature, depending on the content of the components in these mixtures. The results obtained make it possible to precisely test the interatomic interaction potentials in the experiments on the anomalous LID.
This paper is a theoretical study of the spectral features of the velocity of light-induced drift (LID) of lithium atoms ( 7 Li and 6 Li) in a binary mixture of noble gases: Ne + Ar, Ne + Kr, and Ne + Xe. The spectral shape of the LID signal is predicted to depend strongly on the fraction ξ of neon in the buffer mixture in the range ξ≈0.8–0.9 (ξ= N Ne / N b , where N Ne is the neon concentration, and N b is the total concentration of the buffer particles). When the velocity of anomalous LID is treated as a function of the radiation frequency, it is found to have one, three, five, or seven zeros and to differ substantially from the dispersion-curve-like behavior with one zero predicted by the standard LID theory with velocity-independent transport collision rates. The reason for these additional zeros of the drift velocity is the alternating-sign dependence on the lithium-atom velocity of the relative difference of transport rates of collisions between buffer particles and excited and unexcited atoms. What is also established is that the anomalous LID of lithium atoms can be observed at almost all temperatures, depending on the value of ξ. At a fixed temperature, anomalous LID can be observed only in a narrow range of values of the fraction of neon in the buffer mixture, Δξ≈0.02. The results make possible highly precise testing in the LID experiments of the interatomic potentials used in calculations of the velocity spectrum of anomalous LID.
We report anomalous light-induced drift of potassium vapor in mixtures of Ne with another rare gas. The drift velocity versus laser frequency curve shows a strong deviation from the dispersion curve predicted by the standard theory of light-induced drift based on velocity-independent collision rates. The observed drift velocity versus frequency curves have three zero-crossings. For a qualitative explanation of the results, a strong collision model with velocity-dependent collision rates is used. The partial pressures that cancel normal light-induced drift also provide accurate ratios of cross section for potassium collisions with the various buffer gases. The observation of anomalous light-induced drift in a simple atomic system offers the opportunity to relate the results to potential curves. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.