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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Radiofrequency transitions in a dressed atom

M. Allegrini, E. Arimondo

Published Aug 1, 1971• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The interaction of an atom with two radiofrequency fields is examined theoretically by considering the dressed atom. The effect of rf fields on the resonances is treated exactly. Results are obtained for a two level system with applied sigma and pi fields.
DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/4/8/004

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Physical Review A•Apr 1, 1994•1 citation
Nonlinear phenomena occurring during interaction between an atom and a strong rf field of resonant or nonresonant frequency are reviewed. The account is given in both semiclassical and consistently quantummechanical languages. The concept of an atom "dressed by the radiation field" in which not only the optical-frequency field but also the radio-frequency field is quantized is presented in detail. The results are summarized of theoretical and experimental studies of multiphoton transitions, radiative shifts of normal magnetic resonance lines, parametric resonance, and coherent resonances under the conditions of optical pumping. The influence of nonresonance rf fields on magnetic properties and the rate of magnetic relaxation of atoms is discussed.
By means of the dressed atom concept examined theoretically by Cohen-Tannoudji and Haroche, the misalignment effects of an oscillating rf-field in optical-rf double resonances are investigated. We present a fully quantum mechanical calculation of higher-order effects in the frequency shifts of new coherence resonance for the general case that a spin-1/2 atom interacts with the oscillating rf-field in optical-pumping. It is analytically shown that the new type resonances can occur even by taking account of higher-order effects in the perturbation theory for the oscillating rf-field whose direction makes a special angle from that of a static field, and that the direction of the shift of the resonance field is not along that of the static field but perpendicular to that of the oscillating field. Theoretical results are compared with optical-pumping experiments of cesium vapor.
Theory relevant to the treatment of resonance collisions between two-level dressed atoms has been extended to the three-level case in a self-contained calculation of field-dependent collision rates. With the laser field tuned close to the \ensuremath{\Vert}e1{\mathit{e}}_{1}e1​〉\ensuremath{\leftrightarrows}\ensuremath{\Vert}e2{\mathit{e}}_{2}e2​〉 transition, dressing of the upper two-level system is achieved. We solve coupled equations of motion for two-atom states that describe one atom in the ground state and the other in one of two dressed states. Dressed-state collision rates are calculated within the impact approximation using S-matrix theory. The coupled equations of motion are simplified in the limit of intense field. We have applied the theory to describe approximately collisions between Ne atoms in fields intense enough to dress the collision complex.