Lower branch of the spectrum of a fermion interacting with a bosonic gas (polaron)

Marcel Griesemer, Ulrich Linden

Ming-Guang Hu, Michael J. Van de Graaff, Dhruv Kedar +3 more

When an impurity is immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate, impurity-boson interactions are expected to dress the impurity into a quasiparticle, the Bose polaron. We superimpose an ultracold atomic gas of ^{87}Rb with a much lower density gas of fermionic ^{40}K impurities. Through the use of a Feshbach resonance and radio-frequency spectroscopy, we characterize the energy, spectral width, and lifetime of the resultant polaron on both the attractive and the repulsive branches in the strongly interacting regime. The width of the polaron in the attractive branch is narrow compared to its binding energy, even as the two-body scattering length diverges.

Sergio Ciuchi, FERDINANDO DE PASQUALE, S. Fratini

Antonio Tiene, Andrés Tamargo Bracho, Meera M. Parish +2 more

We study the Fermi polaron problem with dipolar fermions in a bilayer geometry, where a single dipolar particle in one layer interacts with a Fermi sea of dipolar fermions in the other layer. By evaluating the polaron spectrum, we obtain the appearance of a series of attractive branches when the distance between the layers diminishes. We relate these to the appearance of a series of bound two-dipole states when the interlayer dipolar interaction strength increases. By inspecting the orbital angular-momentum component of the polaron branches, we observe an interchange of orbital character when system parameters such as the gas density or the interlayer distance are varied. Furthermore, we study the possibility that the lowest energy two-body bound state spontaneously acquires a finite center-of-mass momentum when the density of fermions exceeds a critical value, and we determine the dominating orbital angular momenta that characterize the pairing. Finally, we propose to use the tunneling rate from and into an auxiliary layer as an experimental probe of the impurity spectral function.

Mingyuan Sun, Xiaoling Cui

We study the effect of Efimov physics (in the few-body sector) on the spectral response of the Bose polaron, a many-body system consisting of an impurity immersed in a bath of bosonic atoms. We find that the Efimov correlation can be greatly enhanced by increasing the mass ratio between the bosons and the impurity, which results in visible signatures in the rf spectrum of the polaron. Using a diagrammatic approach up to the third-order virial expansion, we show how the mass imbalance and the enhanced three-body effect modify the line shape and linewidth of the polaron spectrum. Moreover, we study the effect of a finite boson-boson interaction on the spectrum. Taking the realistic system of Li impurities immersed in Cs bosons with a positive Cs-Cs scattering length, we find a visible Efimov branch, which is associated with the second lowest Efimov trimer, in the polaron spectrum. In particular, by adjusting the boson density the Efimov branch can greatly hybridize with the attractive polaron branch, leading to spectrum broadening near their avoided level crossing. Our results can be directly probed in the cold atoms experiments on Li-Cs and Li-Rb Bose polarons.

Ya-Dong Song, Huawen Zhang