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Optics Communications

Competition between two-photon ionization and anti-Stokes Raman scattering in He(2 1S0)

O. Tommasi, Bingying Cheng, A. Ruffini, F. Strumia

Published Apr 1, 1995• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(95)00034-6

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The non-classical effects of squeezing of light in coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and coherent anti-Stokes hyper-Raman scattering (CAHRS) are investigated under the short-time approximation based on a fully quantum mechanical approach. In an idealized model CARS, the interaction is looked upon as a process involving absorption of a pump photon and emission of a Stokes photon, which is followed by absorption of a pump photon and subsequently emission of an anti-Stokes photon at a different frequency, whereas CAHRS is looked upon as a process involving absorption of two pump photons and emission of a Stokes photon, which is followed by absorption of two more pump photons and subsequent emission of an anti-Stokes photon at a different frequency. The coupled Heisenberg equations of motion involving real and imaginary parts of the quadrature operators are established. It is shown that squeezing in the Stokes and anti-Stokes mode in CARS is found to be dependent on amplitude-squared squeezing of the initial pump field while, in CAHRS, it is dependent on the fourth-order amplitude squeezing of the initial pump field. Higher-order squeezing can be converted to linear squeezing through these processes. It is also shown that squeezing is greater in CAHRS than the corresponding squeezing in CARS.
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) is a well-known Raman scattering process that occurs when Stokes, anti-Stokes and pump waves are properly phase-matched. Using a quantum-field approach with Langevin noise sources, we calculate the noise figure for wavelength conversion between the Stokes and anti-Stokes waves in CARS and show its dependence on phase mismatch. Under phase matched conditions, the minimum noise figure is approximately 3 dB, with a correction that depends on the pump frequency, Stokes shift, refractive indices, and nonlinear susceptibilities. We calculate the photon statistics of CARS and show that the photon number distribution is non-Gaussian. Our findings may be significant for currently pursued applications of CARS including wavelength conversion in data transmission and spectroscopic detection of dilute biochemical species.